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The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is a landlocked country in South-Central Asia. It is variously described as being located within Central Asia,[5][6] South Asia,[7][8] or the Middle East.[9] It is bordered by Iran in the west, Pakistan in the south and east, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the north, and China in the far northeast.

Afghanistan (meaning land of the Afghans) has a very long history, it has been an ancient focal point of the Silk Road and migration. It is an important geostrategic location, connecting East and West Asia or the Middle East. The land has been a target of various invaders, as well as a source from which local powers invaded neighboring regions to form their own empires. Ahmad Shah Durrani created the Durrani Empire in 1747, which is considered the beginning of modern Afghanistan.[10] Its capital was shifted later from Kandahar to Kabul and most of its territories ceded to neighboring empires. In the late 19th century, Afghanistan became a buffer state in "The Great Game" played between the British Indian Empire and Russian Empire.[11] On August 19, 1919, following the third Anglo-Afghan war, the country regained independence from the United Kingdom over its foreign affairs.

Since the late 1970s Afghanistan has experienced a continuous state of civil war punctuated by foreign occupations in the forms of the 1979 Soviet invasion and the 2001 U.S.-led invasion that toppled the Taliban government. In late 2001 the United Nations Security Council authorized the creation of an International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) composed of NATO troops. The country is being rebuilt by international support, while dealing with a strong insurgency.

The first part of the name, "Afghan", appears in early scriptures and Ahmed Shah Durrani used the Afghan identity to unite the country. The ruling entity during the Durrani Empire were Pashtuns who were stretched from what is today Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan. Due to majority being Pashtuns, the misconception that Afghans are only Pashtun has sometimes been propagated by neighboring countries, perhaps even at times to distort the history of Afghans. While it is true that all Pashtuns are Afghans because the region was encompassed by them during the Durrani Empire, the term Afghan refers to Tajiks, Uzbeks, Hazaras, Pashtun, Balochs and many other ethnic groups of Afghanistan. many used it as an alternative name for the Pashtuns who are the founders and the largest ethnic group of the country. Thus, every Pashtun is an Afghan by default of Abdali's empire But every Afghan is not a Pashtun. The term Afghan has been used as a name for the regions inhabitants since at least the Islamic period and onwards.[12] In this regard the Encyclopædia Iranica states[13]

Showing 1 to 25 of 500 Articles matching 'Afghanistan' in related articles.
Pages: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | Next >>

1. Stress And Anxiety The Killer Among Us
November 19, 2009

We all know that stress and anxiety is bad for us, but in the society we live in, people just don’t have the time to deal with it. We tend to go on and try to deal with it until it effects our health, then we seek help. This article will show that there are techniques you can do in the comfort of your own home. Lets face it since September 11th, our lives have changed forever. We’ve seen war in Iraq and Afghanistan, with no end in sight. We’ve seen Wall Street collapse, and people’s life savings go down the drain. The economy hit the tank and people are in fear of losing their jobs, ... (read more)

Author: Daniel Richard

2. Karzai Sworn in for Second Term as Afghan President
November 19, 2009

Afghan President Hamid Karzai has been sworn in for a second five-year term following his disputed victory in fraud-marred presidential elections.Afghanistan's President Hamid Karzai (L) takes the presidential oath besides Afghanistan's Chief Justice Abdul Salam Azimi during his inauguration at the Presidential Palace in Kabul, 19 Nov 2009The inauguration was held Thursday at the presidential palace in the capital Kabul.Addressing hundreds of foreign dignitaries and Afghan leaders at the ceremony, President Karzai vowed to tackle government corruption, calling it a "dangerous enemy of the stat... (read more)

3. Obama: Afghanistan Decision Due in Next Several Weeks 
November 18, 2009

US President Barack Obama speaks during joint statement to media with Chinese President Hu Jintao at Great Hall of the People in Beijing, 17 Nov 2009President Barack Obama says he will announce his highly anticipated decision on U.S. strategy in Afghanistan over the next several weeks. The president says the decision will put the United States and its NATO allies on a path toward winning the war.During his visit to Beijing Wednesday, President Obama told NBC television his long-awaited decision on Afghanistan will address every aspect of U.S. strategy in the war."I am confident that at the en... (read more)

4. Pakistan Says 6 Militants Killed in South Waziristan
November 18, 2009

Military officials in Pakistan say six alleged militants have been killed after they shot at Pakistani forces in South Waziristan. The military released a statement Wednesday saying the incident near the country's border with Afghanistan took place within the "last 24 hours." The report - which can not be independently verified - also says five soldiers were wounded during the clash. Separately, another three soldiers were injured in a bomb attack. Military officials also say Pakistani troops recovered a "huge quantity" of weapons and ammunition during raids in two villages. Pakistan launche... (read more)

5. Reports: Afghan Minister Accepted $20 Million Bribe
November 18, 2009

Afghan Minister for Mines, Mohammad Ibrahim Adel (2008 File photo)News reports say Afghanistan's minister of mines has been accused of accepting a bribe of at least $20 million to steer a lucrative copper mining contract to a Chinese firm. The reports published Wednesday by The Washington Post and the Associated Press say Mohammad Ibrahim Adel accepted the money, shortly after the Afghan government awarded the multi-billion dollar project to the state-run China Metallurgical Group in 2007.The articles quote unnamed U.S. officials who are said to be familiar with reports of the incident. Adel d... (read more)

6. Report: Afghan Conflict Driven by Poverty
November 18, 2009

Young Afghan girls help their father cleaning outside of their house in impoverished locality in Kabul (Oct 2009 file photo)A Britain-based charity has found a majority of Afghans see poverty and unemployment as the major cause of conflict in their country. According to the report, interference by neighboring countries was fourth in the tally of factors. Oxfam and a group of Afghan organizations interviewed more than 700 Afghans.After poverty, the Afghans blamed government weakness and corruption as the second most important factor behind fighting. The Taliban came third, followed by interfe... (read more)

7. Clinton: Afghanistan Faces Critical Moment With Karzai's Second Term
November 18, 2009

Secretary of State Hillary Clinton greets embassy staff during a 'meet and greet' event at the US embassy in Kabul, Afghanistan, 17 Nov 2009U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton is in Afghanistan to join foreign dignitaries and Afghan leaders Thursday for President Hamid Karzai's inauguration ceremony. Secretary Clinton says Afghanistan is at a critical moment in its history on the eve of the inauguration of President Hamid Karzai's second term.Speaking alongside U.S. Ambassador to Kabul Karl Eikenberry, Clinton addressed a few hundred members of the U.S. Embassy staff."There is now a clear... (read more)

8. Obama: US Presenting Benchmarks for Afghan Government
November 18, 2009

U.S. President Barack Obama says his administration is presenting "very clear benchmarks" for the Afghan government to secure the war-torn country.Mr. Obama did not elaborate on those measures during an interview with CNN, saying only that the U.S. has a vital interest in making sure that Afghanistan is "sufficiently stable."The president has promised a decision soon on if or how he will reinforce the nearly 68,000 U.S. troops fighting militants in Afghanistan.  But Mr. Obama said he first must clearly convey to the American people that it is imperative to make sure that al-Qaida cannot a... (read more)

9. Afghan Corruption Concerns US Policy Planners
November 17, 2009

Afghanistan President Hamid Karzai has been roundly criticized in the international community for presiding over a corrupt government. A new report reinforces the perception of widespread corruption in Afghanistan, naming it the second most corrupt country of all those surveyed. That worries American policy makers as they deliberate on the future U.S. strategy in Afghanistan. Afghan President Hamid Karzai is seen during the inauguration ceremony of polio immunization campaign at the presidential palace in Kabul, Afghanistan, 15 Nov 2009In Transparency International's just-released 2009 s... (read more)

10. Afghanistan, Iraq Rated Among Most Corrupt Nations
November 17, 2009

An international watchdog group says Afghanistan and Iraq, two countries that receive billions of dollars in international aid, are among the world's most corrupt nations.In its annual corruption report, Transparency International named Somalia as the world's most corrupt country, scoring a low rating of 1.1 on a 10-point scale. It was followed closely by Afghanistan at 1.3, Burma at 1.4, and Sudan and Iraq, which were tied for fourth with scores of 1.5.The group rates New Zealand as the country least afflicted by corruption, giving it a score of 9.4, followed by Denmark at 9.3, and Singapore... (read more)

11. NATO Chief: Afghanistan Mission Expected to Surge in Combat and Support Roles
November 17, 2009

NATO Secretary-General Anders Fogh Rasmussen, 16 Nov 2009The head of NATO says he expects "substantially more forces" for Afghanistan as part of a wider strategy to hand over security to Afghans.NATO Secretary-General Anders Fogh Rasmussen said Tuesday NATO forces should transfer more responsibility to Afghan troops starting next year. He was speaking to the NATO Parliamentary Assembly in Scotland. Rasmussen's comments mirror a timetable proposed late Monday by British Prime Minster Gordon Brown. Mr. Brown offered to host an international conference on Afghanistan early next year in Britain,... (read more)

12. Britain Offers to Hold Summit on Afghanistan
November 17, 2009

Britain's Prime Minister Gordon Brown (file photo)British Prime Minister Gordon Brown said Monday that he would like to host a summit next year to chart a timetable for the handover of security in various regions of Afghanistan to the Afghan government, with an eye toward the withdrawal of NATO forces from country. In the traditional prime minister's speech at the Lord Mayor's banquet in London, Mr. Brown said he has offered London as a venue for an international conference next year to map out the international community's next steps in Afghanistan."I want that conference to chart a comprehe... (read more)

13. US Veterans Groups Speak Out On Afghanistan
November 16, 2009

As President Barack Obama considers sending more U.S. troops to Afghanistan, veterans' groups are speaking out, though not always with one voice. At Arlington National Cemetery near Washington DC, Afghan war veteran Marine Lance Corporal David Baker is laid to rest (file)At Arlington National Cemetery just outside the nation's capital, Marine Lance Corporal David Baker is laid to rest.Baker was killed in a roadside bomb blast in Afghanistan. He was 22.President Obama paid tribute on Veteran's Day to all those who have sacrificed in Afghanistan and Iraq."We honor your service. We are forever... (read more)

14. Rockets Kill 10 Civilians in Afghanistan
November 16, 2009

Insurgents in eastern Afghanistan have fired rockets into a marketplace, killing 10 civilians in an area where French forces were meeting with tribal elders.French and Afghan officials say Monday's attack in the town of Tagab in Kapisa province wounded at least 28 people. Two rockets hit the market as the commander of French troops in eastern Afghanistan, General Marcel Druart, was meeting tribal chiefs nearby.Photo released by French Army shows French NATO soldiers evacuating wounded from Tagab, Afghanistan, 16 Nov 2009French and U.S. medical teams evacuated the wounded by helicopter to hospi... (read more)

15. Afghanistan to Form Major Anti-Corruption Unit
November 16, 2009

The Afghan government says it will form a major anti-corruption unit to investigate graft among senior officials.Afghan Interior Minister Hanif Atmar told reporters in Kabul Monday that security officials from the U.S. (FBI), Britain (Scotland Yard) and the European Union (ELOPE) will train prosecutors in the unit.Afghanistan's Interior Minister Hanif Atmar (File)Mohammad Yasin Osmani, Afghanistan's head of the High Office of Oversight and Anti-corruption, recently told VOA that the Afghan government should address the task of reducing corruption within the next six months.  He said that ... (read more)

16. Clinton: Karzai Must Do More to Fight Corruption in Return for Aid
November 15, 2009

US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton (File)U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton says Afghanistan's President Hamid Karzai must do more to crack down on corruption if he wants continued civilian aid from Washington.In an interview with U.S. network ABC broadcast Sunday, Clinton said the Obama administration wants the Afghan government to establish a major crimes tribunal and an anti-corruption commission.She says Washington also wants "certification" that any U.S. civilian aid sent to Afghanistan is handled by government ministries that can be held accountable. She says there should be "no ... (read more)

17. Report: US Troop Morale Down in Afghanistan
November 14, 2009

US Army soldiers in AfghanistanA U.S. military survey says morale among American troops in Afghanistan has dropped sharply because of increased fighting and multiple deployments.The army survey says the number of soldiers who reported their unit's morale as being high or very high dropped by nearly half (to 5.7 percent) in 2009, compared to 10.2 percent in the last study in 2007.Army Surgeon General Lieutenant General Eric Schoomaker says soldiers continue to face stress from multiple deployments into combat.One in five soldiers in Afghanistan reported psychological problems such as anxiety, ... (read more)

18. Obama says Afghan Decision to Come Soon
November 13, 2009

President Barack Obama during joint news conference with Japanese PM Yukio Hatoyama, not pictured, in Tokyo, 13 Nov 2009U.S. President Barack Obama says a decision on a revised Afghanistan strategy will come soon, and he vows the United States military commitment there will not be open-ended.  Mr. Obama talked about the strategy review process in Tokyo where he met with Japanese Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama.Questions about the Afghanistan review followed the president across the Pacific.At a news conference with Prime Minister Hatoyama, he was asked what more information he might concei... (read more)

19. The World Peace Religion our Iraq Afghanistan War Exit Strategy
November 16, 2009

Do you remember the reasons we got into Iraq? Yesterday, all my troubles seemed so far away, now it looks as though we’re there to stay, Oh, I believe in yesterday. Yesterday there was no 9/11. Yesterday there was no Iraq. Yesterday there was no Afghanistan. Nobody in the United States even knew where Afghanistan was. We thought that an Afghan was a beautiful dog with silky hair and a long narrow head or a soft shawl crocheted in a geometric design. Those were the days my friend, we thought they’d never end, we’d sing and dance, forever and a day, we’d live the life we’d choose, we’d figh... (read more)

Author: Karen Fish

20. Brown: Britain Will Send More Troops to Afghanistan
November 13, 2009

Britain's Prime Minister Gordon Brown (File)Britain's prime minister says the UK will send more troops to Afghanistan if other allies do the same. Speaking on British radio, BBC's Radio Four, Gordon Brown said he's confident of that support.Prime Minister Gordon Brown said British envoys are being sent out to talk with coalition partners and NATO allies to make the case for sending more troops to Afghanistan."We are prepared to put more troops into Afghanistan, there must be burden-sharing among the alliance," he said.Britain currently has 9,000 troops in Afghanistan and is proposing sending 5... (read more)

21. Why Make Health Reform Deficit Neutral
November 13, 2009

When the terrorist attacks of 9/11 hit the United States and then suddenly we were plunged into war, first in Afghanistan and then in Iraq, I don’t remember anyone demanding that the wars be “deficit neutral.” No one talked about whether we could afford them. They were things we just had to do. When George W. Bush proposed giving vast sums to rich people in the form of tax cuts, no one argued that it would be “deficit neutral.” Rather, it was argued that cutting taxes wouldn’t bring in less tax revenue at all, it would bring us more tax revenue because the economy would grow so much f... (read more)

Author: Joe Flower

22. Obama: Decision Soon on More Troops for Afghanistan
November 13, 2009

President Barack Obama (L) and Japanese Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama at the prime minister's official residence in Tokyo, Japan, 13 Nov 2009U.S. President Barack Obama says he will soon decide how many additional troops to send to Afghanistan, saying any delay in his decision came because he is determined to "get it right."In a joint news conference in Tokyo with Japanese Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama, Mr. Obama rejected recent criticism that his administration has been stalling the decision.  Obama said U.S. policy on Afghanistan must protect America from terrorist networks, but he adde... (read more)

23. Bomber Hits Pakistan Spy Agency in Peshawar, 8 Dead
November 13, 2009

Pakistani security officials say a suicide car bomber struck an office of the country's main intelligence agency in the northwestern city of Peshawar Friday, killing at least eight people.Officials say more than 30 people were wounded in the early morning attack.The explosion badly damaged a building housing the Inter-Services Intelligence agency that oversees much of the anti-terror campaign in the regions that border Afghanistan.A VOA correspondent in Islamabad says the blast was so powerful it was heard 20 kilometers away.In another incident, police say a suicide car bomber struck a police ... (read more)

24. Obama Orders Revisions to Afghan Options
November 12, 2009

US President Barack Obama A senior White House official says U.S. President Barack Obama is calling on his national security team to revise the options for the U.S. war strategy in Afghanistan.  Mr. Obama asked for the changes Wednesday during the latest review of his Afghanistan policy.  The official says the president wants his advisors to determine how and when U.S. troops can hand over security responsibility to the Afghan government. Administration officials say Mr. Obama wants to make clear to Afghan President Hamid Karzai that the U.S. commitment in Afghanistan is not "open-e... (read more)

25. German Defense Minister in Kabul to Meet Afghan, NATO Leaders
November 12, 2009

Germany's defense minister is in Afghanistan for talks with Afghan President Hamid Karzai and the top NATO commander, U.S. General Stanley McChrystal.German Defense Minister Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg arrives in Kabul aboard military plane, 12 Nov 2009Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg arrived in Kabul Thursday on a previously unannounced visit, during which he will also meet his Afghan counterpart Abdul Rahim Wardak.Germany has contributed more than 4,000 troops to Afghanistan, with most serving in the country's north.In a separate development, the U.S. military says Afghan and international security... (read more)

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