Search Results - Altruism
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Altruism is selfless concern for the welfare of others. It is a traditional virtue in many cultures, and a core aspect of various religious traditions such as Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Sikhism, and many others. Also, altruism is a key aspect of many humanitarian and philanthropic causes, exemplified in leaders such as Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr, Gandhi and Mother Teresa. This idea was often described as the Golden rule of ethics. Altruism is the opposite of selfishness. Altruism can be distinguished from feelings of loyalty and duty. Altruism focuses on a motivation to help others or a want to do good without reward, while duty focuses on a moral obligation towards a specific individual (for example, God, a king), a specific organization (for example, a government), or an abstract concept (for example, patriotism etc). Some individuals may feel both altruism and duty, while others may not. Pure altruism is giving without regard to reward or the benefits of recognition and need. The concept has a long history in philosophical and ethical thought, and has more recently become a topic for psychologists (especially evolutionary psychology researchers), sociologists, evolutionary biologists, and ethologists. While ideas about altruism from one field can have an impact on the other fields, the different methods and focuses of these fields lead to different perspectives on altruism. In the science of ethology (the study of animal behaviour), and more generally in the study of social evolution, altruism refers to behaviour by an individual that increases the fitness of another individual while decreasing the fitness of the actor.[1] Researchers on alleged altruist behaviours among animals have been ideologically opposed to the sociological social Darwinist concept of the "survival of the fittest", under the name of "survival of the nicest"—not to be confused with the biological concept of Darwin's theory of evolution. Insistence on such cooperative behaviors between animals was first exposed by the Russian zoologist and anarchist Peter Kropotkin in his 1902 book, Mutual Aid A Factor of Evolution.
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Showing 1 to 11 of 11 Articles matching 'Altruism' in related articles. |
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1. Home Based Online Business Success - The Importance of Values and Dreams!
October 08, 2009
Your values influence your whole life. They are intrinsic to your being. Values influence what you believe is important, and how you lead your life. Your values influence how you act and react with others and also how you act when no one is watching...So, what do you value? What is important to you? Truth? Honesty? Organization? Freedom? Capitalism? Altruism? Physical Fitness? Spirituality?
You can readily see that your values are very important. Living in harmony with them brings fulfillment to your life. You live with conviction, contribution, and happiness. When you are out of harmon... (read more)
Author: Robert Quadra
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2. Personal Salvation During the Coming Economic Chaos - Part II
September 10, 2009
In Part 1 I discussed the destructiveness of social altruism and the pitfalls of personal altruism. Irrational selfishness ties in with altruism because altruists need irrationally selfish people. Often they go hand in hand—attempting to achieve the same illogical goals. Other times it is the self-destructive actions of the irrationally selfish that give altruists, do-gooders, world improvers and politicians something to moralize about—and unfortunately something to campaign against.
One example was prohibition. Some people destroy themselves with excessive alcohol consumption. This is a ... (read more)
Author: Santosh Vishwakarma
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3. Personal security in a natural disaster.
March 24, 2009
When a natural disaster strikes, chaos naturally follows. We'd all like to think that the good in humans come out then. But altruism does not always rule the day and that is simply human nature. Whether you find yourself facing a hurricane, earthquake, tornado, wildfire, or tsunami, it is essential to take your own personal safety and security in a natural disaster into consideration. The sad fact is that when natural disaster strikes, some people will seek personal gain. You must arm and protect yourself and there are a number of products on the market that can help you stay secure.
Firs... (read more)
Author: Eric Holm
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4. California Psychologist Says Humans Have Evolved to Cooperate
March 04, 2009
Psychologist Dacher Keltner says recent studies of the brain and nervous system show a biological basis for compassion and altruism. The researcher at the University of California, Berkeley, is the author of a new book called Born to Be Good. Dacher Keltner says people are self-interested and can be fiercely competitive, but that is just part of the story. He says recent studies of the brain and his own research on the nervous system show that human behavior has another side. As Professor Keltner explains it, people are hard-wired to be concerned with others, even with ... (read more)
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5. Moral Philosophy: Altruism and Selfishness
April 23, 2008
Many cultures and moral philosophies have promoted so-called selflessness, such as the ethical doctrine of altruism by Auguste Comte (who coined the term altruism). Perhaps as a result, some other philosophies have promoted so-called selfishness, such as the ethical doctrine of Egoism and Ayn Rand's philosophy of Objectivism.
Putting prescriptive morality aside, I contend that the self-interestedness supported by pro-selfishness philosophers does not necessarily conflict with the kindness supported by pro-selflessness philosophers.
The two philosophical viewpoints appear to directly ... (read more)
Author: Scott Hughes
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6. The Problem of Greed in Real Estate Investing
December 28, 2007
We live in a world that offers temptations at every turn. It is easy to ruin a great thing as the result of greed. However, if you are careful from the beginning you can establish your real estate investment business in a manner that encourages and even rewards altruism rather than breeding an environment that is ripe for greed to take hold.
The problem with real estate is that in order to get the really good deals we sometimes have to be a little ‘unfeeling’. That doesn’t mean that you can’t be compassionate or identify with the feelings of those selling their homes, particularly if the... (read more)
Author: Judson Voss
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7. De Beers Executive Calls for Diamond Cutting Centers in Africa
October 16, 2007
The head of the world's largest diamond company has urged traders to support the creation of diamond cutting and polishing centers in Africa.
Gareth Penny, managing director of the South Africa-based De Beers company, said it is not altruism, but good business sense to create new jobs in fledgling African democracies.
Penny spoke Monday at a diamond industry conference in Antwerp, Belgium.
The conference also heard from a Botswanaian mining industry official, Kago Moshashane, who said his country is planning to create thousands of new jobs in the diamond processing industry.
But activist and... (read more)
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8. Three-Level View of Psychological Egoism
September 19, 2007
While my reasoning is not likely to have influence on the opinions of those who really believe in altruism, for the aim of the current section, I shall pretend that psychological egoism really exists, meaning that people are always have motives to act for their own best interest. To be more specific, I shall suppose that the self-interest they are trying to achieve is nothing more then pleasure (avoidance of pain). I suppose that the pleasures that for us, humans, can be found at three levels. This idea was investigated and briefly discussed by Mill. He talks about lower level of pl... (read more)
Author: Andrew Schwartz
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9. Psychological Egoism Vs. Hedonism.
September 17, 2007
Long time before I dared to enter my first philosophy class, I frequently was involved in friendly, but at the same time passionate discussions with friends and colleagues, holding fast to my strong belief that altruism merely does not exist. All actions we think to be altruistic, I argued, come from some self-interest. Now, of course, I identify this belief as psychological egoism. Maybe, it could be argued, that my persistent denying of altruism and defending egoism was the outcome of my naivety, my infant ignorance of the deeper layers of the subject which can only be cognized t... (read more)
Author: Andrew Schwartz
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10. Basic Definitions for Psychological Egoism, Hedonism and Altruism
September 13, 2007
The aim of my work is to investigate the essence of both psychological egoism and hedonism, and to reach the objections raised up by Feinberg. Acting this way, I have several purposes. First, I will give a basic definition of psychological egoism, altruism and hedonism. Then, I will present my personal vision as for the notion of psychological egoism, giving in details my three-level method. Finally, I will discuss the objections Feinberg has as for this point. My purpose is to manage to do all enumerated above and still meet the space limitations suggested for this writing. So, I star... (read more)
Author: Andrew Schwartz
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11. Rational Christian Answer To Ayn Rand
March 19, 2006
As a Christian I wish to respond to Ayn Rand's non-theistic and self-centered philosophy and arguments against Christian altruism. I am quite familiar with Ayn Rand's philosophy, and the fact is Ayn Rand would be totally correct if Darwinian macro-evolutionary theory were true. However, the actual and objective scientific evidence shows that there are natural limits to evolution in nature and that we are not here by chance or by macro-evolutionary processes. Please read my essay on the subject at www.religionscience.com. Therefore, there is a God to Whom Ayn Rand and all of us must give an acc... (read more)
Author: Babu Ranganathan
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