Search Results - Amorphous
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An "amorphous solid" is a solid in which there is no long-range order of the positions of the atoms. (Solids in which there is long-range atomic order are called crystalline solids or morphous). Most classes of solid materials can be found or prepared in an amorphous form. For instance, common window glass is an amorphous solid, many polymers (such as polystyrene) are amorphous, and even foods such as cotton candy are amorphous solids. In principle, given a sufficiently high cooling rate, any liquid can be made into an amorphous solid. Cooling reduces molecular mobility. If the cooling rate is faster than the rate at which molecules can organize into a more thermodynamically favorable crystalline state, then an amorphous solid will be formed. Because of entropy considerations, many polymers can be made amorphous solids by cooling even at slow rates. In contrast, if molecules have sufficient time to organize into a structure with two- or three-dimensional order, then a crystalline (or semi-crystalline) solid will be formed. Water is one example. Because of its small molecular size and ability to quickly rearrange, it cannot be made amorphous without resorting to specialized hyperquenching techniques. Amorphous materials can also be produced by additives which interfere with the ability of the primary constituent to crystallize. For example, addition of soda to silicon dioxide results in window glass, and the addition of glycols to water results in a vitrified solid. Some materials, such as metals, are difficult to prepare in an amorphous state. Unless a material has a high melting temperature (as ceramics do) or a low crystallization energy (as polymers tend to), cooling must be done extremely rapidly. As the cooling is performed, the material changes from a supercooled liquid, with properties one would expect from a liquid state material, to a solid. The temperature at which this transition occurs is called the glass transition temperature or Tg.
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Showing 1 to 20 of 20 Articles matching 'Amorphous' in related articles. |
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1. Learn all about printer toner cartridge
September 14, 2009
Laser printers are not too cheap to be handled carelessly. The smallest of issues with printers should not be ignored if you want to ensure its proper functioning. One such very common issue with these printers is the ink cartridges that finish off with time. This necessity has led to the production of several types of inkjet and toner cartridges. Inkjet and toner cartridges Inkjet cartridges contain ink, which passes into the holes in the cartridge. These cartridges have small spaces in them for ink, which imprints on the paper, when injected with pressure. While at the same time, toner is... (read more)
Author: jessica thomson
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2. Skin Wound Care and Dressing: What is Amorphous Hydrogel?
August 28, 2009
Today's advanced skin wound care systems include an array of amorphous hydrogel products. Treatment with amorphous hydrogel is gaining wide acceptance in the medical community as an effective skin wound care treatment for exuding skin wounds. This type of wound care treatment creates an ideal healing environment and can significantly speed healing of even persistent skin wounds.
Amorphous hydrogel is a topical application for exuding (weeping/oozing) wounds. There are two major advantages to using an amorphous hydrogel for skin wound care:
1) Ease of treatment of deeper or uneven s... (read more)
Author: Jenny Schweyer
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3. Know more about your lips along with its wants
April 21, 2009
Cosmetic surgery is the latest innovation blessed by the ever developing medical science to cover all the forms of bodily imperfections permanently. The cosmetic surgery has an ability to offer a new desired appearance to anyone. Because of their body blemishes as well as amorphous corporeal condition, many people are ashamed of themselves. Because of their corporeal disability, many people are suffering from inferior complex. A great selection of assorted sorts of cosmetic surgeries are offered by the Cosmetic Makeover. Besides they also provide the whole cosmetic surgery records in addition... (read more)
Author: jessica thomson
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4. How Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights can increase the value of your business
April 06, 2009
Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights can become a valuable asset in the portfolio of your small business or corporation and should be managed judiciously. One of the most daunting questions a small business owner faces when he or she decides to sell their business is "what do I have to sell?". Aside from the phone number, address, and equipment, the main asset that is marketable is goodwill in most cases. Yet the concept of goodwill is elusive, amorphous, and difficult to quantify and monetize. How do you measure goodwill? How difficult would it be for another business to amass the go... (read more)
Author: andrew schroeder
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5. Solar Modules-To convert light from the sun into electricity
March 04, 2009
Photovoltaic (PV) solar panels use solar cells to convert light from the sun directly into electricity. At Innovative Solar Solutions, we carry and stock most of the major brands, including Sharp Solar, Kyocera Solar, BP Solar, Evergreen Solar, SolarWorld, Kaneka, Uni-Solar, Suntech , Sanyo, Day4 and OEM Solar modules.
The three most common types of solar panels are Monocrystalline, Polycrystalline, and Amorphous:
Monocrystalline - made from a single large crystal, cut from ingots. Most efficient, but also the most expensive. Somewhat better in low light conditions.
Polycrysta... (read more)
Author: Mark Robinson
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6. Opal - A Gorgeous Gemstone
February 16, 2009
Opal is an amorphous and hydrous form of silica. The term “hydrous” means that it contains water. Certain opals can contain up to 10 percent water. This high water content makes opals susceptible to damage when exposed to extremes of temperature. Nonetheless, it is considered to be a beautiful gemstone the world over, and is often used as a good luck charm. These gemstones are moderately hard, ranging from 5.5 to 6 on the Moh’s scale. The specific gravity is also relatively low – 2.0 to 2.1, probably due to the high water content of the stone. They are formed by alteration of extrusive ... (read more)
Author: Dale Arnold
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7. Excessive Worrying=Bad Health
February 04, 2009
The struggle of daily life has dealt upon us a most contagious aspect of reality that oftentimes cost our health more than what we can bargain for. And as to what this aspect is, it is none other than the most annoying amorphous thoughts that preoccupy everyone's mind from time to time: worry. Have you ever known anyone who does not worry? Invisible Burdens With all the demands of living posed on us, it seems as if none of us would ever be rid of worries. We worry about anything and everything: our bills, our lives, our work, our families, our properties, ourselves, other people, p... (read more)
Author: Felicity Maris Modesto
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8. Creating Your Vision
December 31, 2008
What do you want out of life? People have dreams all the time but for many people that's all it is—a thought in the mind. A vision is different than a dream. A vision is a necessary first step in building a new and desirable future. But crafting a vision requires conscious thought and concerted effort.
The problem with dreams is that they are fleeting and amorphous, without substance and not based in fact. By definition, dreams change fluidly and without restriction. A planning vision is far more concrete. For it to be usable in the planning process, the vision should be written down and ... (read more)
Author: Carole Wotherspoon
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9. Glass Mosaic Tile Art: Do We Cut or Break Glass (Does it Matter)?
September 02, 2008
Making wonderful glass mosaic tile art is easy! Let me show you how.
Ever wonder what glass actually is? Do we cut it or break it (is there a difference)? Why and how does scoring a line allow us to control the way glass breaks? To fully understand why we cut glass the way we do, we should first understand a bit about glass itself.
There are two types of solids: amorphous and crystalline. (Huh? Amorphous? Wasn’t he a character in the movie series The Matrix? No, that was Morpheus.) As you’ll learn in my eBook in the chapter on Tessera Types, glass is an amorphous solid (the ... (read more)
Author: Bill Enslen
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10. How to buy solar chargers?
August 20, 2008
Solar Chargers are hot in the market. As current solar charger does not have industry standards, the price and quality is so different from each other. I have found some solar chargers for less than us$5 dollar one piece in the market. So what kind of solar chargers are good? Evaluation of a solar charger mainly depends on three aspects:
First one is solar panels:
Currently there are two type of solar panel one is amorphous silicon solar cells and the other is crystal silicon solar cell. Crystal Silicon can be divided into polycrystalline and mono crystalline. The photovoltaic ... (read more)
Author: denver kang
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11. What Is Web 2.0, Anyway?
March 29, 2008
Buzz started back in 2004 at the O'Reilly Media Conference about the Web 2.0. Now, more than three years later, it's one of the most misunderstood terms out there. It's often used to describe social bookmarking sites, interactive forums, and blogs. This is only half right. The problem is, like the web itself, Web 2.0 is an amorphous and ever-changing concept.
Essentially, Web 2.0 is a communication tool via the web. It allows readers and clients on a particular site to contribute to the site. One of the best examples of Web 2.0 is Britannica Online and Wikipedia. While Britannica is a stati... (read more)
Author: Kale McClelland
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12. How Is Glassware Made?
December 06, 2007
Glassware is made from a hard amorphous substance without crystals that is made by melting silica, limestone, and sodium carbonate at a high temperature of about 2000 degree F until they fuse, Then cool the incandescent liquid carefully so that crystals cannot form.
How Is Glassware Made?
Glassware containers for food, beverages, cosmetics and medicines have been used from a long time. Human-made glass is thought to be the oldest manufactured substance in the world. Glassware is made up of simple, natural ingredients: silica sand, soda ash and limestone. The compositions of the... (read more)
Author: kalwant rana
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13. Opal: Natural vs. Lab : Is It Real or Fake?
November 30, 2007
Originally stemming from the Sanskrit word “upalas” (meaning stone, jewel), then the Greek word “opallios” (meaning to see a change of color), the term we are familiar with today, “Opal”, has its roots in the Latin word “opalus”. A bit softer than quartz, and not quite as dense, Opal is hydrated silica and an amorphous mineral. In its’ natural form, Opal consists of closely packed aggregate spheres of silica as silica oxide, and water in varying amounts up to 15%. These spheres are arranged in a series of layers allowing light to pass through, defracting at specific points, creating the ... (read more)
Author: Elisa Thorp
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14. Shedding Light on the Aging Process
July 04, 2007
In today’s youth-obsessed culture, anti-aging products are increasingly popular. But the best prevention and treatment of aged skin? Knowing the facts. The Aging Process
Skin begins to lose its luster with the loss of collagen, the material that creates the smooth, elastic feel of youthful skin. As we age, collagen is replaced by amorphous bundles of cells. Skin becomes thin and stretched, and outward signs can include slight inflammation. Outer layers of skin become depleted of blood vessels that supply life-giving nutrients. But this is only part of the story. The loss of coll... (read more)
Author: Paul Vu
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15. Viagra and sildenafil citrate treat both psychological and physical erectile dysfunction effectively
January 19, 2007
Erectile Dysfunction is a syndrome that affects millions of men and refers to the inability to achieve or sustain an erection for an adequate amount of time to enjoy sex. Erectile Dysfunction is an amorphous disease in that it can affect different men in different ways and for different reasons. Some men are unable to achieve an erection at all; some men simply can’t sustain an erection long enough for sexual activity. Moreover, some men suffer from physical erectile dysfunction while others suffer from psychological E.D.
Fortunately for sufferers of erectile dysfunction, the past deca... (read more)
Author: david smith
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16. Finding a Dora the Explorer Gift
January 15, 2007
If you are like millions of other parents across the world, you have a child who is obsessed with Dora the Explorer. They talk about Dora, sing about Dora, pretend to be Dora, and all around love anything that relates to their favorite bilingual adventurer. When it comes time to buy your child a gift for their birthday, or whatever other special occasion might merit gift giving, the obvious course of action would be to get your child a Dora the Explorer gift of some kind. The challenge is, with so much merchandise on the market, and children's amorphous tastes, it often becomes difficult to pi... (read more)
Author: Jared Winston
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17. Glass- The Known and the Unknown
June 05, 2006
Glass is an amorphous solid material made up of sand, silica and soda. Glass is also referred as” Super cooled liquid". Glass can be made transparent and flat or into other shapes and colors. During manufacturing of glass metals and metal oxides are added to change the color of glass. For example, for decolorization a small amount of selenium is added and or added in excess to impart reddish color. Small amount of cobalt is added to yield blue glass. Adding titanium produces yellowish-brown glass. Based on the concentration, nickel produces blue or violet or even black color. On add... (read more)
Author: Janani N
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18. Magnesium Sulfate
March 01, 2006
Magnesium sulfate is MgSO4. In the natural state it is found in the hydrated state, with seven molecules of water of crystallization. In this form it is called as magnesium sulfate heptahydrate or Epsom salt and has the chemical formula MgSO4.7H2O. On heating up to 250°C, it loses all its molecules of water of crystallization and falls into a dry amorphous powder. Magnesium sulfate is a colorless and odorless powder, and is highly soluble in water.Magnesium sulfate is an extremely versatile drug and has a variety of therapeutic uses. Magnesium sulfate taken orally can act as a laxative. When t... (read more)
Author: Elizabeth Morgan
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19. Smashing The Gray Ceiling
December 16, 2004
For decades, women have chaffed at the invisible glass ceiling which prevents their moving into the high executive brackets that their competence, knowledge and skills have earned. The same amorphous barrier confronts older workers both in terms of advancement within a company and, most especially, when a job change is required. There is an adage in the military that if a rank above major has not been obtained within twenty years, it never will be. The ranks of early military retirees are sprinkled with majors who knew that ten or fifteen more years would never bring a Colonel's cluster.
Ho... (read more)
Author: Virginia Bola
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20. Managing Time To Accomplish More
October 31, 2002
Managing Time to Accomplish More
© 2002 Elena Fawkner
Time is inelastic. Despite what some of us persist in believing,
it will NOT magically expand to accommodate all we have to
do. So, in order to maximize the time we have available, we
have to spend it wisely. Here's how to do that.
STRUCTURE YOUR TIME
The very first thing to do is understand the structure of your
time. If you think of the time you have available as some
amorphous dimension, you will fritter it away on this and that
without any real consideration of what is the best use of the
time available. How ... (read more)
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