Search Results - Bile acid
| Type in a word or phrase to search, you can also type in Article ID's separated by commas: |
 |
|
|
Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in the bile of mammals. Bile salts are bile acids conjugated to glycine or taurine. In humans, taurocholic acid and glycocholic acid (derivatives of cholic acid) represent approximately eighty percent of all bile salts. The two major bile acids are cholic acid, and chenodeoxycholic acid. Bile acids, glycine and taurine conjugates, and 7-alpha-dehydroxylated derivatives ( deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid) are all found in human intestinal bile. An increase in bile flow is exhibited with an increased secretion of bile acids. The main function of bile acid is to facilitate the formation of micelles, which promotes processing of dietary fat. Bile acids are made in the liver by the cytochrome P450-mediated oxidation of cholesterol. They are conjugated with taurine or the amino acid glycine, or with a sulfate or a glucuronide, and are then stored in the gallbladder. In humans, the rate limiting step is the addition of a hydroxyl group on position 7 of the steroid nucleus by the enzyme cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase. Upon eating a meal, the contents of the gallbladder are secreted into the intestine, where bile acids serve the purpose of emulsifying dietary fats. Bile acids serve other functions, including eliminating cholesterol from the body, driving the flow of bile to eliminate catabolites from the liver, emulsifying lipids and fat soluble vitamins in the intestine, and aiding in the reduction of the bacteria flora found in the small intestine and biliary tract. Synthesis of bile acids is a major route of cholesterol metabolism in most species other than humans. The body produces about 800 mg of cholesterol per day and about half of that is used for bile acid synthesis. In total about 20-30 grams of bile acids are secreted into the intestine daily. about 90% of excreted bile acids are reabsorbed by active transport in the ileum and recycled in what is referred to as the enterohepatic circulation. Bile is also used to break down fat globules into tiny droplets. Bile from slaughtered animals can be used in the preparation of soap. Bile salts constitute a large family of molecules, composed of a steroid structure with four rings, a five or eight carbon side-chain terminating in a carboxylic acid, and the presence and orientation of different numbers of hydroxyl groups. The four rings are labeled from left to right (as commonly drawn) A, B, C, and D, with the D-ring being smaller by one carbon than the other three. The hydroxyl groups have a choice of being in 2 positions, either up (or out) termed beta (often drawn by convention as a solid line), or down, termed alpha (seen as a dashed line in drawings). All bile acids have a hydroxyl group on position 3, which was derived from the parent molecule, cholesterol. In cholesterol, the 4 steroid rings are flat and the position of the 3-hydroxyl is beta.
|
Showing 1 to 5 of 5 Articles matching 'Bile acid' in related articles. |
| Pages: 1 |
 |
|
|
|
1. Complications Arising From Acid Reflux
October 26, 2009
<h1>Acid Reflux</h1>Acid Reflux or Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition in which the liquid content of the stomach backs up or refluxes into the esophagus. The liquid can inflame and damage the lining of the esophagus. This regurgitated liquid mainly contains acid and pepsin, both being produced by the stomach. It may also contain bile. Amongst all the contents of the liquid, acid is the most harmful.<br><br>Once GERD starts, it stays for life-long. GERD is a chronic condition and the treatment has to continue indefinitel... (read more)
Author: Mike Matthews
|
|
|
|
|
2. What cause acid reflux disease and its GERD treatment
July 21, 2009
Acid reflux disease is caused from the process in which food that has entered the stomach or the liquid contents in the stomach are refluxed, that is to say backed up into the esophagus, sometimes along with bile that has refluxed from the intestines to the stomach.
This sickness can connect both adults and children or infants, but gives high instability to pregnant women, smokers and persons who doze off equal after eating without before intermission.
The symptoms of acid reflux disease are as follows: heartburn, which is formed by chest pain; deflagration in the mucosa; har... (read more)
Author: Mizanur Rahman
|
|
|
|
|
3. Acid Reflux Medication : Does control Heartburn?
July 21, 2009
This acid reflux medication can control and prevent even the worst symptoms like heartburn, esophagus. When symptom will occur and feel bad. Ask your doctor which medication best for you. Acid reflux disease is caused from the course in which food that has entered the stomach or the juice contents in the stomach are refluxed, that is to say backed up into the esophagus, sometimes along with bile that has refluxed from the intestines to the stomach.
All symptoms cause of acid reflux disease contain heartburn, difficulty in swallowing, reflux, chest pains, dental decay, hoarseness, asthma... (read more)
Author: Mizanur Rahman
|
|
|
|
|
4. GERD Home Remedies - Secret Alternative Treatments that Outperform Antacids
July 18, 2009
GERD home remedies have been a hot topic around the internet these days. Why? There are thousands of acid reflux sufferers who are tossing their antacids and curing their reflux with simple home remedies.
But how are they doing it?
In this article you will learn simple and safe secret alternative treatments for gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD). If you suffer from acid reflux, heartburn, hiatal hernia, gastritis, esophageal reflux or bile reflux this may be the article for you.
Because as you probably figured out, antacids are not going to work forever!
Why Alt... (read more)
Author: Joe Barton
|
|
|
|
|
5. What is GERD? It Could Be Your Chronic Nighttime Heartburn!
February 09, 2009
If you have heartburn, or acid reflux, then you have what medicine refers to as GERD or Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. What’s really happening is that the liquid substance held in the stomach “refluxes” or backs up, known medically as regurgitation, into the patient’s esophagus. That liquid, because it contains so much acid and bile, used for digestion, can then damage the lining and inflame the esophagus.
GERD is referred to as a chronic condition, which simply means that once it is begun, a person ordinarily suffers from it for life. The esophagus itself can be healed if any damage... (read more)
Author: Dianna Smith
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
