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Search Results - Clostridium botulinum

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Clostridium botulinum is a Gram-positive bacterium that produces the toxin botulin, the causative agent in botulism and the main substance in botox.[1] It is included in the genus Clostridium. C. botulinum was first recognized and isolated in 1896 by Emile van Ermengem and is commonly found in soil.

In laboratory the microorganism is usually aislated in Tryptose Sulfite Cycloserine (TSC) growth media, always in an anaerobic environment with less than 2% of Oxygen. This can be achieved by several commercial kits that use a chemical reaction to replace O2 with CO2 (E.J. GasPak System). C. botulinum is lipase negative microorganism, it grows between pH values of 4.8 and 7 and it can't use lactose as a primary carbon source, characteristics important during a biochemical identification.[3]

Each of the seven serotypes of C. botulinum produces a different botulin toxin.[4] These are labeled with letters and are called A to G types. Types C and D are not human pathogens. A "mouse protection" test determines the type of C. botulinum present using monoclonal antibodies.

In the United States, outbreaks are primarily due to types A or B, which are found in soil, or type E, which is found in fish. Optimum temperature for types A and B is 35-40 °C. Minimum pH is 4.6. It takes 25 min at 100 °C to kill these types. Optimum temperature for type E is 18-25 °C. Minimum pH is 5.0. It takes about 0.1 minute at 100 °C to kill type E C. botulinum.

Showing 1 to 19 of 19 Articles matching 'Clostridium botulinum' in related articles.
Pages: 1

1. Botox
November 10, 2008

What is Botox? produced by anaerobic bacteria called Clostridium botulinum. A highly purified protien. Temporarily blocks the nerve impulses traveling from the nerve to the muscle thereby relaxing the muscle. Effects starts from the second day onwards. No side effects provided all necessary precuation are taken. Along with the tightening effect gives a glow to the skin. Botox can be used from 2 to 90 years of age but Depending on actual needs it is often used from 18 years onwards. Effects wear off slowly from 4th to 5th month onwards and second injection may be required then. Fo... (read more)

Author: jennifer duffo

2. Buy Botox to Regain Your Youthful Buoyancy
October 07, 2008

A trade name for botulinum toxin A, Botox is emerged from a bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Botox is very popular due to the fact that when injected into the skin in measured quantity, it helps in removing wrinkles. A purified protein developed from Clostridium botulinum bacterium, cosmetic Botox is a non-surgical, physician-administered treatment that can temporarily reduce severe frown lines between the brows in people aged between 18 to 65 years. People those want to remove severe frown lines between the brows can buy Botox as it ensures guaranteed results. A number of other ... (read more)

Author: Article Manager

3. Botulism Information and Treatment
August 19, 2008

Botulism is a uncommon and serious condition. Botulism result by toxin produced by bacteria known Clostridium botulinum. Clostridium botulinum is the name of a group of bacteria generally establish in soil. These rod-shaped organisms evolve best in low oxygen conditions. The bacteria type spores which admit them to survive in a inactive state until exposed to conditions that can support their growth. The toxins that this bacterium produces are among the great poisonous substances. Botulinic toxin is one of the great strong known toxins about one microgram is lethal to humans. Botulinic t... (read more)

Author: Juliet Cohen

4. The Botox's Historical Tale
June 26, 2008

Botox is the speculate drug, which was exposed unintentionally by Justinus Kerner a German physician, in the year 1820. He began experiment with the bacterium Clostridium and the botulinum toxin-a protein botulinum and produced botulism- A deadly form of victuals poisoning. Kerner preferred to take benefit of the microorganisms force deteriorating individuality for a therapeutic use. His testing presume that botulinum can be successfully exploited for alleviate force spasms by emptiness acetylcholine liberate, a neuron transmitter that straight power while convention. Striking cue on or a... (read more)

Author: Dr.John Nickolson

5. Is Botox safe?
June 02, 2008

Is Botox safe? There have been several recent stories in the new media that call into question the safety of Botox. Botox, or botulinum toxin type A, is a purified protein produced by the Clostridium botulinum bacterium, which reduces the activity of the muscles that cause those frown lines between the brows to form over time. Botox, produced by Allergan corporation, is marketed under the names Botox and Botox Cosmetic. First approved by the FDA for medical uses, such as cross eyes and facial spasm, Botox was recently approved for use as Botox Cosmetic to reduce the wrinkles between the e... (read more)

Author: D.J. Verret

6. Complete Information on Botulism
May 13, 2008

Botulism is a paralytic disease caused by the neurotoxins of Clostridium botulinum. In the United States an average of several cases of botulism are reported each year. Of these, approximately 25% are foodborne, 72% are infant botulism, and 3% are wound botulism. The characteristic early symptoms and signs are marked fatigue and weakness, usually followed by blurred vision, dry mouth, and difficulty in swallowing and speaking. Vomiting, diarrhoea, constipation and abdominal swelling may occur. The disease can progress to weakness in the neck and arms, after which the respiratory muscles and mu... (read more)

Author: Juliet Cohen

7. Information on botulism-causes of food poisoning
May 05, 2008

Botulism is a rare but serious paralytic illness caused by a nerve toxin that is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. There are three main kinds of botulism. Foodborne botulism is caused by eating foods that contain the botulism toxin. Wound botulism is caused by toxin produced from a wound infected with Clostridium botulinum. Clostridium botulinum: Clostridium botulinum is the name of a group of bacteria commonly found in soil. These rod-shaped organisms grow best in low oxygen conditions. The bacteria form spores which allow them to survive in a dormant state until exposed ... (read more)

Author: Peter Hutch

8. The power of Botox for temporary wrinkle removal
April 10, 2008

Botox has made a huge splash in the health and beauty market because of its ability to erase and minimize wrinkles. The stunning success of the BOTOX solution has had beauty enthusiasts lining up to receive their wrinkle treatments. Are botox treatments safe? After all Botox is a protein toxin produced by clostridium botulinum bacteria. This is the first cousin to the deadly botulism bacteria. Botox has been safely used by ophthalmologists for over a decade, without any serious side effects being reported. This drug has actually been around since the early 1960’s. Originally, it was used... (read more)

Author: kishor singh

9. Infant Botulism Treatment and Prevention Program
March 17, 2008

Infant botulism is caused by consuming the spores of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, which then grow in the intestines and release nerve toxin. It predominantly affects infants (children under 1 year of age), although it may affect adults who have an altered gastrointestinal environment, either through surgery or antibiotic therapy. The condition can be frightening because it can cause muscle weakness and breathing problems. Infant botulism can occur when a child ingests Clostridium botulinum bacteria, which are found in dirt and dust and can contaminate honey.Infant botulism is cons... (read more)

Author: Francis Adam

10. The Historical Tale of Botox
March 16, 2008

Botox, the wonder drug, was discovered accidentally by a German doctor, Justinus Kerner, in the 1820s. He began experimenting with botulinum toxin-a protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, producing botulism- a fatal form of food poisoning. Kerner desired to take advantage of the bacteria's muscle weakening qualities for medical use. His experimentation deduced that botulinum could be effectively used for relieving muscle spasms by blocking acetylcholine release, a neurotransmitter that directs muscles when to contract. Taking cue from this discovery, Alistair and Jean Ca... (read more)

Author: Wain Roy

11. Infant Botulism Treatment Information
February 11, 2008

Infant botulism is an illness that can occur when a newborn ingests bacteria that produce a toxin inside the body. Infant Botulism affects infants primarily between one and 52 weeks of age. The condition can be frightening because it can cause muscle weakness and breathing problems. Infant botulism can occur when a child ingests Clostridium botulinum bacteria, which are found in dirt and dust and can contaminate honey.Infant botulism is considered to be distinct from other types of botulism which differ considerably in the age most commonly affected and in the clinical course. The "food borne"... (read more)

Author: Juliet Cohen

12. Foodborne Botulism Treatment Information
February 10, 2008

Botulism is a rare but serious illness. It is serious paralytic illness caused by a nerve toxin, botulin, that is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. There are three types of botulism: food, wound and infant botulism. Eating food that has the botulism toxin causes food-borne botulism. It often involves improperly processed home canned foods. Wound botulism occurs when Clostridium botulinum spores contaminate a wound and produce toxin. Botulism in infants under one year of age has been associated with ingestion of clostridium botulinum spores from the environment or specific foods ... (read more)

Author: Juliet Cohen

13. Botulism Information
January 17, 2008

Botulism is a rare but serious illness. It is caused by a neurotoxin, generically called botulinum toxin, that is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Botulinic toxin is one of the most powerful known toxins: about one microgram is lethal to humans. It acts by blocking nerve function and leads to respiratory and musculoskeletal paralysis. In the United States an average of 110 cases of botulism are reported each year. Of these, approximately 25% are foodborne, 72% are infant botulism, and 3% are wound botulism. There are three kinds of botulism. Foodborne botulism comes from eating... (read more)

Author: Juliet Cohen

14. Botulism - The Rare but Potentially Fatal Foodborne Illness
July 16, 2007

All my life I've been a little fearful of eating home-canned beans, because of the rare but potentially fatal illness caused by the Clostridium botulinum bacterium. The botulinum toxin produced by this bacterium is one of the most lethal natural toxins known to man. Now that my organic garden is overflowing with fresh beans, and I can't possibly eat them all fresh, my mind has turned again to this microscopic organism, which lives naturally in the soil. Eating poorly prepared food isn't actually the only way you can be sickened by this type of bacteria. It is also possible for the bacteri... (read more)

Author: Jonni Good

15. Article on botox | Botox treatment
April 17, 2007

Article on botox: There are various uses of botox and a clear overview about them can be of immense help. One of the most poisonous naturally growing substance Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin protein produced by a bacterium known as Clostridium botulinum. For commercial purposes this substance is sold under a brand name called botox and these days it is widely used for varied purposes. Botox injection is most commonly used during plastic surgeries in United States, for rejuvenation of skin, use of botox is indeed indispensable. When you have wrinkled skin, use of botox can be an ideal solut... (read more)

Author: Baywood Clinic

16. The Use of Botox for Headache Relief
April 10, 2007

Botox is very popular for removing wrinkles and to prevent aging, it is also beneficial for headache pain. Clinical trials and research has found that Botox for headache relief is a great option for those who continually suffer from them. The Botulinum toxin in Botox is a Neurotix that produces Clostridium botulinum. This bacteria is found in poorly sterilized canned foods and can result in the food poisoning called Botulism. These toxins are used to temporarily paralyze the nerves by blocking the release of Acetycholine that works by blocking the muscles and preventing them from being a... (read more)

Author: Daniel Gibbs

17. New procedures make Botox injections easy, safe and leave you looking fabulous
February 09, 2007

What is Botox? Quite simply, Botox is a type of toxin produced by the bac­terium Clostridium botulinum. If you're thinking that some­thing sounds familiar about this substance, that's because this bacterium is the same one that causes botulism, or food poi­soning. It's also the same bacterium that some countries stockpile as a bacterial weapon. You might be wondering if this is a substance you would want injected into your face. Thanks to the wonders of medical technology, injecting Botox into the face isn't only possible, it's being done thou­sands of times a day, and safely. In t... (read more)

Author: Steven James

18. Botox Is a Form Of Botulinum Toxin
January 24, 2007

Introduction: Botox is a form of botulinum toxin. Cosmetic physicians have been using botox for years to successfully treat wrinkles. Botox is the brand name of a toxin produced by the bacterium clostridium botulinum. This can be used for both men and women. We associate this toxin taken in large amounts with food poisoning. Inspite of serious complications associated with botox, scientists have discovered a way to put it to the use for humans. Small diluted amounts can be directly injected into the area which causes controlled weakening of the muscles. In 1980’s the FDA appro... (read more)

Author: Tasha Haskell

19. Botox: The Wrinkle Killer Strikes Again
June 26, 2006

THE Discovery of Botox The discovery of Botox: the wonder product that turns back the clock - happened by accident. In the 1820s, a German doctor, Justinus Kerner began experimenting with Botulinum toxin; a toxic protein produced by the bacterium, Clostridium botulinum, which causes botulism (a deadly form of food poisoning, that thrives in home-canned food and has caused many deaths through the centuries). But Kerner wanted to make use of the bacterium’s muscle-weakening qualities for therapeutic use. His work laid the foundation for the discovery that the toxin could be used to relieve mu... (read more)

Author: Bronwen Elisabeth Roberts

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