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Colombia (pronounced /k?'l?mbi?/), officially the Republic of Colombia (Spanish República de Colombia, pronounced&_160;[re'pußlika ðe ko'lombja]&_160; ( listen)), is a constitutional republic in northwestern South America. Colombia is bordered to the east by Venezuela^[7] and Brazil;^[8] to the south by Ecuador and Peru;^[9] to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the northwest by Panama; and to the west by the Pacific Ocean. Colombia also shares maritime borders with Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica.^[10][11] With a population of nearly 45 million people, Colombia has the 29th largest population in the world and the second largest in South America, after Brazil. Colombia has the third largest Spanish-speaking population in the world after Mexico and the United States.^[12]

The territory of what is now Colombia was originally inhabited by indigenous nations including the Muisca, Quimbaya, and Tairona. The Spanish arrived in 1499 and initiated a period of conquest and colonisation which ultimately led to the creation of the Viceroyalty of New Granada (comprising modern-day Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador and Panama) with its capital at Bogotá.^[13] Independence from Spain was won in 1819, but by 1830 "Gran Colombia" had collapsed with the secession of Venezuela and Ecuador. What is now Colombia and Panama emerged as the Republic of New Granada. The new nation experimented with federalism as the Granadine Confederation (1858), and then the United States of Colombia (1863), before the Republic of Colombia was finally declared in 1886.^[2] Panama seceded in 1903.

Colombia has a long tradition of constitutional government. The Liberal and Conservative parties, founded in 1848 and 1849 respectively, are two of the oldest surviving political parties in the Americas. However, tensions between the two have frequently erupted into violence, most notably in the Thousand Days War (1899-1902) and La Violencia, beginning in 1948. Since the 1960s, government forces, left-wing insurgents and right-wing paramilitaries have been engaged in the continent's longest-running armed conflict. Fuelled by the cocaine trade, this escalated dramatically in the 1990s. However, the insurgents lack the military or popular support necessary to overthrow the government, and in recent years the violence has been decreasing. Many paramilitary groups have demobilized as part of a controversial peace process with the government, and the guerrillas have lost control in many areas where they once dominated.^[2] Meanwhile Colombia's homicide rate, for many years the highest in the world, has almost halved since 2002.^[14]

Colombia is a standing middle power^[15] with the fourth largest economy in South America and a major impact of poverty. It is very ethnically diverse, and the interaction between descendants of the original native inhabitants, Spanish colonists, African slaves and twentieth-century immigrants from Europe and the Middle East has produced a rich cultural heritage. This has also been influenced by Colombia's varied geography. The majority of the urban centres are located in the highlands of the Andes mountains, but Colombian territory also encompasses Amazon rainforest, tropical grassland and both Caribbean and Pacific coastlines. Ecologically, Colombia is one of the world's 18 megadiverse countries (the most biodiverse per unit area).^[16].

Showing 1 to 25 of 366 Articles matching 'Colombia' in related articles.

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1. Why Invest in Real Estate in Panama November 19, 2009 No corporate or personal taxes and financial privacy? These words are music to the ears of investors wanting to purchase real estate in the Panama region. Panama is the ideal destination for investing and its proximity to Latin American markets makes it a perfect location for world business operations. From a corporate investment perspective, Panama is a country in much better shape financially than its Central American neighbors to the north, or Colombia to the south. Because of its dollar based economy and stable political situation, sustained by the Panama Canal, Free Trade Zone and i... (read more) Author: Chris Clapp

2. Castro Criticizes Obama for US-Colombia Deal November 04, 2009 Former Cuban President Fidel Castro has criticized U.S. President Barack Obama over a U.S. agreement with Colombia that allows American troops access to Colombian military bases. In a column published in Cuba's state-run Granma newspaper, Mr. Castro says allowing the United States to use Colombia's military bases threatens not only neighboring Venezuela, but all people in the region.The former Cuban leader says the agreement "violates legal, constitutional and ethical norms."Two unidentified members of US military (L) leave Colombia's Ministry of Affairs HQ in Bogota, 30 Oct 2009The U.S.-Colom... (read more)

3. Colombian Drug Lord Receives 45-Year US Sentence October 21, 2009 Diego Montoya (2007 file photo)A federal judge in Miami handed down the sentence to 48-year-old Diego Montoya, two months after he pleaded guilty to murder, drug trafficking and racketeering charges. At the proceedings, Montoya apologized for his past actions, saying he hoped his sentence would bring a measure of relief to victims and their families.Montoya was charged with heading the Norte Valle cartel, which rose to become Colombia's most powerful cocaine cartel after the demise of the Medellin and Cali cartels in the mid-1990s.Federal officials say at the cartel's peak, it supplied 60 per... (read more)

4. Rights Groups Seek Obama Help to Protect Colombia Human Rights Activists October 20, 2009 Human rights groups are urging the Obama administration to work to ensure that Colombia's government protects activists in the country. Rights organizations and Colombian activists told a U.S. congressional panel that the situation in Colombia has deteriorated, with activists facing increasing threats, including physical attacks and assassination. Reinaldo Villalba Vargas (left), Colombian human rights lawyer, and Kelly Nicholls, U.S. Office on ColombiaKelly Nicholls, Executive Director of the U.S. Office on Colombia, a Washington-based non-government organization, referred to a surge of... (read more)

5. Biltmore Whos Who not a scam Testimonials by members October 22, 2009 We would like to present to you one of our accomplished members. An Attorney from Colombia, Founder and Owner of Clip Magazine. Martha Elena Gil, a member of Biltmore Who's Who since early 2006. Writer, Publisher and President of Clip Magazine and Free Latino Magazine. Immigrating from Colombia as an Attorney and fulfilling her goal to reach the spanish community in Pheonix , Arizona, she founded Clip Magazine 6 years ago today. She's involved in helping those in needs and is a member of the "Make a Wish Foundation". An avid Speaker and Lecturer in the very popular spanish channel "Telemu... (read more) Author: Bob Wilsons

6. Irotama Resort - Colombia October 19, 2009 They gave me the worst service I ever had in Colombia. In the early morning, 5 AM, we had a man walking in hour room, thinking they had a problem with the door. They just went in the wrong room. Then, they didn't stop to call at the phone for saying we are sorry. We had four calls, waking us up everytime, by the boss to the last waitress. One hour to check out and they never showed to get my things so I had to carry myself. Went away after the first night. Irotama XXI And the price is too high for Colombian standard. As far as the service, the check-in receptionist was not too informative ... (read more) Author: Hans Jablonksy

7. Amazon Rainforest Tours - South America October 13, 2009 The Amazon River is the longest in the world at around 6800 km, with the Amazon basin covering an area over 7,050,000 km2. Colombia, Brazil, Peru and Venezuela are the countries that host the world’s lung. The Amazon forest is a green world…wet, wild and enigmatic. The most common way to explore the Amazon rainforest is to stay in an Amazon lodge or doing a river cruise on the Amazon. Cruising the Amazon River is a unique life experience: from the observation deck it is possible to scan the magnificent tangle of vegetation at the water’s edge. The banks are covered by dense rainforest and... (read more) Author: pawan kumar

8. Hotels to stay in Colombia October 12, 2009 One of the best things about visiting Colombia is the fact that it is just beginning to open up. Therefore, it is possible for visitors to find all sorts of accommodation in Colombia. In fact, there is such a constellation of places to choose from that it can become something of a challenge. The problem would not be in finding hotels in Colombia, but to find the right place at the right price and suited to your needs. In the vast majority of cases, you would find a large number of average hotels in Colombia. Here, you are unlikely to meet many foreigners. However, in the last few years, ... (read more) Author: Sergio Mcindoe

9. Colombian Supremo Coffee: Best of Colombia October 11, 2009 Coffee aficionados are quick to attest that each kind of coffee is distinct and special in their own way. Often distinguished by the regions where they originate from, premium coffee beans are highly sought after around the world. There is an insatiable love for a good cup of coffee among connoisseurs. To produce a delightful brew, one would need perfectly roasted, high-quality beans. Colombian Supremo Coffee is the kind of drink that many would like to savor over and over again. It is the finest offering from Columbia. It is no secret that Colombia is one of the largest and finest produ... (read more) Author: Chris Cornell

10. Review of Amazon October 09, 2009 The Amazon rainforest is the epitome of a dense tropical jungle with absolute absence of modern amenities. Unlike urban settlements, this hot region in the blend of exceptional terrains of the face of the Earth is a symbol of unpolluted environment filled with affluent sources of flora and fauna. There are an estimated 300 species of plants and many more which haven’t been discovered by scientists. Located in the selected portions of Peru, Ecuador, Brazil and Colombia, the Amazon River contains one fifth of the world’s total water flow, thus earning itself the apt nickname of the Earth’s Water... (read more) Author: Chris Cornell

11. Burnell Moliere Is A Prominent Businessman Who Loves To Work For The Betterment Of The People October 08, 2009 Burnell Moliere is a prominent businessman from Louisiana who loves to work for the betterment of the people. He is the owner of AME Services which is a firm that has over 500 employees and provides a wide range of services like facility maintenance and disaster recovery services. Burnell Moliere's firm has completed facility maintenance projects in more than 40 states of the US and the District of Colombia. AME Services offers facility maintenance services to clients from state, federal, and local government as well as from private industries.Burnell Moliere's firm, AME Services provides vari... (read more) Author: Chris Mathew

12. Burnell Moliere's AME Services Is the Finest Restoration Services Providing Company October 02, 2009 AME Services is a leading disaster recovery services providing firm based in Norco, Louisiana. AME Services is a firm that is famous for providing a wide range of restoration and construction services to its customers. The firm is owned by a leading businessman and humanitarian Burnell Moliere. The firm has been into this business for more than two decades and some of the services provided by this firm include disaster restoration, fire restoration, storm restoration, water restoration and a range of construction, employment and contracting services. Burnell Moliere's firm has provided servic... (read more) Author: Chris Mathew

13. Dominica Citizenship, Dual Nationality, Second Citizenship, Dominica Passport, Nationality Withou September 21, 2009 Dominica Citizenship In the 1990s, Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Costa Rica, and Brazil passed dual citizenship laws granting their expatriates the right to naturalize in the receiving country without losing their nationality of origin.The effects of these new laws on naturalization rates and labor market outcomes in the United States are estimated based on data from the 1990 and 2000 U.S. censuses. According to the data it is clear that immigrants recently granted dual nationality rights are more likely to naturalize relative to immigrants from other Latin American cou... (read more) Author: Jigney Bhachech

14. Venezuela Considers Shooting Down Drug Planes September 18, 2009 Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez says he is considering allowing his government to shoot down foreign planes suspected of drug trafficking.President Chavez said Thursday he is considering the possibility of bringing down aircraft from neighboring Colombia or the United States.His comments come three days after the U.S named Venezuela as one of three countries that fails to meet international obligations to fight the drug trade. President Chavez says his country is doing everything it can to combat drugs and called the United States the number one country responsible for drug production and tr... (read more)

15. Rebuild Family Bonds at Shuswap Lake Estates September 15, 2009 Shuswap Lake Estates in British Colombia, Canada is the ideal escape for anyone looking for a vacation home with dazzling views and a quaint, peaceful feel. Buying a vacation home in Shuswap Lake Estates is a great investment that your family will enjoy all year long. This is a luxurious area with beautiful golf courses, swimming, spas, and lovely views. This has become a much guarded vacation spot loved by those who know about it. For anyone looking for that perfect place to relax and unwind, Shuswap Lake Estates is a must see community. Being able to take your family away from the hust... (read more) Author: Mark Taylor

16. Watch BMW Golf Championship 2009 Live Online September 10, 2009 Wow! The BMW golf championship!! It is going to be an awesome game, so do not miss it. To watch BMW golf Championship 2009 live online, get an account at WatchGolfOnline.net The fourth Ranking player in the PGA Tour for the FedEx Cup is Camilo Villegas. Camilo Villegas’ full name is Camilo Villegas Restrepo. He was born in the year 1982 on the 7th of January. He was born in Medellin, Colombia. His current residence is Jupiter, Florida, United States. Remember to watch BMW golf Championship 2009 live online. None of you all are going to be missing this awesome game!! I can tell! Log on to ... (read more) Author: wiiran26 kdh

17. List of Terrorist Acts Done by Farc September 05, 2009 FARC Modus Operandi Considered to be the Americas? first established rebel group, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) has been waging a mixture of conventional and unconventional warfare against the Colombian government since 1964. Due to the violent and sometimes indiscriminate nature of the attacks attributed to this insurgent group, they have been recognized as a terrorist faction not only by the Colombian government, but also by Canada, the European Union, and the United States. The list of terrorist acts done by FARC includes kidnappings, use of improvised ex... (read more) Author: Robert Bell

18. Colombia's Uribe Moves Closer to 3rd Term September 02, 2009 Colombian lawmakers have approved a bill calling for a referendum on whether to change the country's constitution to allow President Alvaro Uribe to run for a third term next year.The measure passed in Colombia's lower House late Tuesday by a vote of 85-5. The vote followed a lengthy debate and disruptions by anti-Uribe protesters. The Senate passed a similar measure in May.  The proposal now goes before Colombia's Constitutional Court, which has three months to approve the referendum before it can go before voters.Interior and Justice Minister, Fabio Valencia (C with glasses) and lawmake... (read more)

19. List of Terrorist Acts Done by Farc September 02, 2009 FARC Modus Operandi Considered to be the Americas’ first established rebel group, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) has been waging a mixture of conventional and unconventional warfare against the Colombian government since 1964. Due to the violent and sometimes indiscriminate nature of the attacks attributed to this insurgent group, they have been recognized as a terrorist faction not only by the Colombian government, but also by Canada, the European Union, and the United States. The list of terrorist acts done by FARC includes kidnappings, use of improvised ex... (read more) Author: Kenny Leones

20. Kefersol import & export C.A September 02, 2009 Philips,canon,olympus,garmin,motorola,kenwood,icon, vertexstandard,yaesu,importadora,exportadora,s.a,ciudad del este,py, paraguay,paraguai,fronteira,foz do iguacu,pr,eletronicos,radios,sons,home theater,Electrodomesticos, Repuestos electrodomesticos, Servicio tecnico, Artefactos para el hogar, Refrigeracion,Toda Amarica Latina , Argentina , Bolivia , Chile,Colombia,Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador , El Salvador , Espanha , Guatemala , Honduras , Mexico , Nicaragua , Panama , Paraguay , Perú , Puerto Rico , República Dominicana , Uruguay , Venezuela,importacao,exportacao miami,uruguay,dubai,singapur... (read more) Author: alberto correa

21. Interesting Facts About Peru August 26, 2009 Fascinating Facts About Peru and Frequently Asked QuestionsWhere is the country of Peru?Peru is found in the western portion of South America, on the South Pacific Ocean. Ecuador is located to the northeast,Colombia is north of Peru, to the south is Chile, to the southeast is Bolivia,and Brazil is located to the east. What does the name "Peru" mean?The country name "Peru" is named after a person named Biru', who was a local ruler near the Bay of San Miguel (in Panama) in the 16th century. When Spanish explorers of the 16th century came into contact with him, his territory was the southernmost ... (read more) Author: Jon Smarth

22. Panama's San Blas Islands August 26, 2009 Real estate in Panama may be quite attractive and exotic on its own, but you have to see the Islands that are found in the San Blas Archipelago on this side of the world. These islands dot the entire Caribbean coast in Panama starting from the Golfo de San Blas (which is a good real estate in Panama) and stretching to the border of Colombia. There are three hundred and seventy eight islands in the San Blas area and around forty nine of these are inhabited by Kuna Indians, a fiercely independent people. The San Blas islands are only twenty minutes away from most real estate in Panama by a plane... (read more) Author: rochelle lunn

23. How I Ended Up With a Wife 50 Years Younger than myself August 26, 2009 Before you call me a dirty old man, let me relate the whole story to you. It was 2003 and I was living in the UK, where I was born. I have been around a little, having lived in the UK, France, Bahamas, Jamaica, Canada, Colombia and a few other places. At the good old age of sixty nine, life was a little boring. I lived in Sheffield with my sister and her husband in a house left to us my my mother. I believe that she paid about 30,000 pounds for the house in the forties. Before the housing price collapse, this same house was valued at about 300,000 pounds. I was... (read more) Author: sheldon archer

24. Clinton Says Defense Deal Would Not Create US Bases in Colombia August 18, 2009 Colombian Foreign Minister Jaime Bermudez (left) with Secretary Clinton, 18 Aug 2009Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said Tuesday the pending U.S.-Colombia defense cooperation agreement would not create U.S. bases in the South American country or significantly increase the American military presence there. Clinton discussed the soon-to-be-finalized accord with Colombian Foreign Minister Jaime Bermudez. The two governments reached provisional agreement on the defense accord, giving U.S. forces access to Colombian bases to tackle regional drug-trafficking and terrorism, late last week. ... (read more)

25. US Choreographer Teaches Dance to Bogota's Disabled Homeless August 13, 2009 Meghan FlaniganChoreographer Meghan Flanigan spent the last five years in Bogota, Colombia, where she helped shape the dance community. During her stay, she helped form the dance company Con Cuerpos, which brings together professional dancers and Bogota's disabled homeless to create enlightened performances. We introduce you to her in this week's making a difference series.Jorge is a dancer with Con Cuerpos. He was born with polio and grew up in extreme poverty in the Colombian city of Cali, which is known as a center for Salsa dancing. When he was offered the opportunity to learn movement ... (read more)

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