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Search Results - Copper

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Copper (pronounced /'k?p?r/, KOP-?r) is a chemical element with the symbol Cu (Latin cuprum) and atomic number 29. It is a ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. Pure copper is rather soft and malleable and a freshly-exposed surface has a pinkish or peachy color. It is used as a thermal conductor, an electrical conductor, a building material, and a constituent of various metal alloys.

Copper metal and alloys have been used for thousands of years. In the Roman era, copper was principally mined on Cyprus, hence the origin of the name of the metal as Cyprium, "metal of Cyprus", later shortened to Cuprum. There may be insufficient reserves to sustain current high rates of copper consumption.[1] Some countries, such as Chile and the United States, still have sizable reserves of the metal which are extracted through large open pit mines.

Copper compounds are known in several oxidation states, usually 2+, where they often impart blue or green colors to natural minerals such as turquoise and have been used historically widely as pigments. Copper as both metal and pigmented salt, has a significant presence in decorative art. Copper 2+ ions are soluble in water, where they function at low concentration as bacteriostatic substances and fungicides. For this reason, copper metal can be used as an anti-germ surface that can add to the anti-bacterial and antimicrobial features of buildings such as hospitals.[2] In sufficient amounts, copper salts can be poisonous to higher organisms as well. However, despite universal toxicity at high concentrations, the 2+ copper ion at lower concentrations is an essential trace nutrient to all higher plant and animal life. In animals, including humans, it is found widely in tissues, with concentration in liver, muscle, and bone. It functions as a co-factor in various enzymes and in copper-based pigments.

Copper, as native copper, is one of the few metals to occur naturally as an un-compounded mineral. Copper was known to some of the oldest civilizations on record, and has a history of use that is at least 10,000 years old. Some estimates of copper's discovery place this event around 9000 BC in the Middle East.[3] A copper pendant was found in what is now northern Iraq that dates to 8700 BC.[4] It is probable that gold and meteoritic iron were the only metals used by humans before copper.[5] By 5000 BC, there are signs of copper smelting the refining of copper from simple copper compounds such as malachite or azurite. Among archaeological sites in Anatolia, Çatal Höyük (~6000 BC) features native copper artifacts and smelted lead beads, but no smelted copper. Can Hasan (~5000 BC) had access to smelted copper but the oldest smelted copper artifact found (a copper chisel from the chalcolithic site of Prokuplje in Serbia) has pre-dated Can Hasan by 500 years. The smelting facilities in the Balkans appear to be more advanced than the Turkish forges found at a later date, so it is quite probable that copper smelting originated in the Balkans. Investment casting was realized in 4500-4000 BCE in Southeast Asia.[3]

Showing 1 to 25 of 500 Articles matching 'Copper' in related articles.
Pages: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | Next >>

1. Krugerrand Gold Coins Investment
November 06, 2009

1967 was the first year that Krugerrand gold coins were first minted in South Africa. They were first produced for currency but also so the African population could take ownership of gold. To stop markings it was minted in a durable alloy which is a more copper looking colour compared to other national gold bullion coins.It is the current spot price that gives krugerrand gold coins there value, unlike other gold bullion coins which also have a face value. There is no other gold bullion coin in history that has depicted its value like this. The coin was also the first to be measured and minted ... (read more)

Author: Darren Massey

2. Wall Fountains and the Design Possibilities
November 06, 2009

Homeowners considering additional decorations should consider getting a wall fountain. Wall fountains give a garden or outdoor patio more class and vibrancy. There are all kinds of fountains that use materials from glass to stone. Glass and copper fountains are a perfect fit to modern architecture while stone made fountains fit neoclassic homes. Read further to know the design possibilities of wall fountains. There are four wall fountain types to choose from. The first is a rock fountain, best for homes that are made of stone and have dim environments. These can be placed in a stone themed ... (read more)

Author: Wyatt Fisk

3. Bracelet - Wristbands to enhance appeal
November 06, 2009

Bracelet is one of the type of wristband that is often available in various variants and types depending on the material and cost. Considering the material ,they can be of Gold, Diamond, Silver, Pearl, gemstone, Leather, white gold, Rose gold, garnet, Jade, Stainless steel, Copper, Brass with desired shapes, designs , weight and cost . Gold ones are available in the variants of 14 carat, 18 carat with availability in plain, Yellow Gold, Beaded, Yellow gold flat, Yellow gold light, white and rose gold , Twisted, Tri color, Yellow gold braided twist, White gold Large and polished, shiny gold... (read more)

Author: Cherry bruce

4. Are you looking for a Budget Wall Mount Mailbox?
November 05, 2009

There is little thought given to the humble mailbox. Mailboxes are always there for you when you need to collect an important letter or package. Commercial mailboxes are available for those of us looking for a professional image, or those who are just dealing with a lot of business mail. If you’re not a business owner, you might want to consider your own residential mailbox. Your residential mailbox is a thing that you should take pride in. Do you really want to entrust your mail with a lesser mailbox? Mailboxes are important and a good mailbox store should understand that. There are a... (read more)

Author: Buck Reed

5. Highly Flexible 3Com Compatible Gigabit Ethernet SFP
November 05, 2009

Toronto,Canada -GAO Fiber Optics (www.GAOFiberOptics.com), a leading supplier of transceivers, has added the 3Com compatible transceivers to its product collection.The 1000BASE-SX SFP transceiver modules are used for MMF at an 850nm wavelength.The affordable transmission and receiver modules are fully compatible with original 3Com transceivers. These hot-pluggable transceivers are commonly used in diverse network of topologies connecting electrical circuitry with optical or copper networks. The transceivers, model 3CSFP91, are designed to support SONET,Gigabit Ethernet, Fibre Channel and o... (read more)

Author: Perry Keller

6. 7 Exciting Autumn Ideas for Metal Wedding Favors
November 05, 2009

The first type of item that comes to mind is jewelry. This is primarily for female guest but can be quite popular. A bride can give the ladies at her nuptials copper fall themed jewelry. Due to is color copper is especially good for jewelry concerning autumn leaves. Another great option are charm bracelet charms with autumn themes. The choices are yours but be sure to balance quality jewelry with what you can afford. Another metallic item is flask these are great for men, especially those who are collectors or just want something to hold their liquor in. They are also great because the c... (read more)

Author: Aaron Hu

7. Architectural metalwork
November 04, 2009

Artistic Architectural Metal Work When One think to renovate their home or office, the first thing come in mind to make it as unique as a decorative piece for that hunter that you could never find in a store. Rarely people think of different type of artistic framework to be used. One think of using wood while another thing of using copper, stone and fabric to do these things. Rarely do people think of the many different type metals that can be used like buying sheets of zinc for your bathroom or even use bullet metal to put together as a unique decorative piece. ... (read more)

Author: Rajnish Parihar

8. Wall Fountain: Motion Art for Indoor Glamor
November 03, 2009

Rarely do people consider making use of water fountains when in the process of designing or decorating their homes. For the most part, this is because they still carry many obsolete assumptions about the cost of fountains due to their associations with luxury and opulence. That said, adding just one fountain can really make a home stand out. Water fountains are available in a produced in a variety of materials and designs. However, when you go with an indoor water fountain you are going with something extra special that can really distinguish your home's interior from those of others. A gre... (read more)

Author: Wyatt Fisk

9. ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line): -The Trusted, & Ideal Broadband for Both Home & Business
November 01, 2009

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) is also known as the Asymmetric DSL in short, it is a modem that facilitates the transmission of massive digital information over ordinary copper wire. ADSL is unique among other types of DSL services because of its typical nature to transmit data in one direction than the other. This unique asymmetrical flow of data is hard to be found in any other forms of DSL. Similarly, ADSL also uses multiple modulation techniques unlike the others such as, ANSI and ETSI, which uses the DMT type of modulation scheme. ADSL also uses the primarily analogu... (read more)

Author: trinity vishwakarma

10. ASUS Extreme Striker
November 01, 2009

The ASUS Extreme Striker II is the first nForce 790i Ultra SLI-based board we review this month. The board is targeted at the extreme high-end performance demanding enthusiast. ASUS has implemented several design changes. There are loads of copper heat blocks and pipes. To stop the heat sink fins from scratching, there are small strips of flat metal on each of heat sink, which also gives them a very eye-catching look. There’s even a glowing Republic of Gamers logo on the board. The main heat sink also has a provision to attach a water cooling kit—all the necessary connectors and washers a... (read more)

Author: John Wells

11. How to Choose Best Ruby Rings?
November 01, 2009

The history of rings ages back to medieval period when rings were plain bands of iron, copper, silver and gold with metal denoting the class of wearer. Rings have evolved from accessory to art, ultimately becoming a bold fashion statement. Since centuries they have shared an intimate relationship with mankind. Whether it is for a ceremony, celebration of a victory or for sealing a life long relationship, rings have always been an element of purpose. The advent of colored gemstones marked a new era in the history of rings. It added greatly to the versatility and designing options in rings.... (read more)

Author: Rajesh Kumar

12. Advantages of Tin Lined Copper Pots and Pans
October 31, 2009

I have used a lot of different cookware over the year including aluminum, corning ware, cast iron, stainless steel, Teflon coated steal, cast iron and enameled cast iron. I ended up throwing all of these pots and pans away when they reached end of life. It too bad I did not discover the benefits of tin lined copper as I could have save a lot of money. One day I entered a discount store that sold kitchen ware where I saw Mauviel copper pans on display. These were tin lined copper pans and very solidly made. I was impressed with the price as it was not much more than previous cookware p... (read more)

Author: Gary Friedman

13. Types of Computer Networks
October 29, 2009

There are different types of Computer Networking that you may need for your home or office. To begin with you have the option of a wired or wireless computer network. These types of networks differ. A wired computer network will have copper or fiber optic cabling running between computers while a wireless network uses radio waves and/or microwaves to maintain communication channels. A client/server network works by using client devices, typically PCs with network software applications installed that request and receive information over the network. The server device will usually store fil... (read more)

Author: Bhavesh Jain

14. Hot-Swappable 1000Base-LX Cisco Compatible Transceivers
October 29, 2009

Toronto, Canada - GAO Fiber Optics (www.GAOFiberOptics.com) recommends its Cisco compatible SFP-GE-L Cisco compatible transceivers with considerable savings over name-brand products.The hot-swappable I/O devices are designed to support SONET,Gigabit Ethernet, Fibre Channel and other communications standards.These transceivers are plugged into module sockets and connect electrical circuitry with optical or copper networks. Each member of the transceiver family conforms to IEEE802.3z 1000BASE-LX standard. GAO Fiber optics supplies these short wavelength modules in addition to optical transce... (read more)

Author: Perry Keller

15. Soothing Power of Music
October 28, 2009

Stress is a killer in today’s modern busy life. Everyone is suffering from severe stress problems these days. If ignored, a minor stress problem may cause you a big catastrophe later on. So, it is better to follow easy ways to reduce your stress level and try to get complete relaxation without any further delay. Music has emerged as an effective way to fight stress problems. The power of music uses therapeutic problems to prove a beneficial and successful well being for every one. Music eases the tensions and worries and relaxes the mind. It calms your senses and nerves and eases the tro... (read more)

Author: ivan copper

16. The Healing Power of Laughter
October 28, 2009

Laughter is the best medicine for all our problems. Have you ever given a thought how many times you usually laugh in a day? Not yet! Start counting as according to studies an average human laugh about 15 times a day where children usually have an average of 200-250 times per day. Why your laughter gets reduced when become adult? In this article, we’ll explore facts on laughter and discuss on its benefits. Usually when we grow up, our minds constantly worry for future challenges and problems and hence, we fail to enjoy small and present happy moments. When we learn to enjoy our present l... (read more)

Author: ivan copper

17. Home Decoration: Flooring
October 28, 2009

Flooring is an important activity for the home decoration. Flooring choices are important in order to align home decorations, makes it functional, and helpful in designing as well. Flooring is of high importance as it is the first and foundation for decoration of a building. However, before deciding the flooring of the room, it is important to decide the flooring of the rooms and idea of their decoration in advance. Once you know what to do and how to do, start thinking about the flooring of your home and choose something exclusive to give a fresh look to your home. When choosing flooring... (read more)

Author: ivan copper

18. Tips to Throw the Best Party
October 28, 2009

When planning the best party with your all near and dear ones, you need to make organized planning for each and every thing to make it really successful and enjoyable. Let’s discover what ingredients can make an ordinary party into a successful and loved celebration time. Make a proper plan: Make a list of invitees. Mention each name even though you want to invite all members of a single family. Do not interpret anything and mention each and everything specifically. Cost maintenance: Money is an important criterion when it comes to organizing a party. Do not spen... (read more)

Author: ivan copper

19. Summer Travelling - Top Five Destinations
October 28, 2009

Summer Travelling – Top Five Destinations The onset of summer encourages all travelling spirits to take a plunge into a new happening journey. So, if you are one of them, start making your plans now and welcome some freshness in your life. Beaches have been considered as a hotspot for any summer holiday vacation. In this article, we will list five best known beach locations in the world that symbolizes fun, freshness and excitement for everyone. Barbados: When talking about beaches, the Caribbean tops the list with its amazing sights and extraordinary beauty tha... (read more)

Author: ivan copper

20. How to clean notebook cooling system
October 27, 2009

How to clean notebook cooling system My main computer is a HP zv5000 battery- it uses the fan and heat sinks to cool the processor. By using these heat sink (copper?), And piping to collect a lot to reduce the cooling capacity of the machine a little dust. If you do not have this particular machine, do not worry. To use some common sense as long as the basic idea is the same. Steps 1Tools and supplies a first step You need two things: Q technique and a screwdriver you first remove the battery (which may be really good! Step, but thoroughly). Unscrew the cap Ram - in order to easily re... (read more)

Author: Jack Smith

21. Slow Hot Water - What to do?
October 26, 2009

I got this email regarding slow hot water and thought I would use it and my answer as my blog for today, so here it is. Hello, My Dad wants to install new copper piping throughout his 2200 square-foot 2-story house. He is very concerned about 'slow hot water' and has decided he needs 1-1/2" insulation on the copper pipes instead of the standard 1/2" insulation. He is calling around the country looking for that 1-1/2" insulation - and to Canada! He's found a plumber willing to install it for a higher price. Do you have any studies that compare 1/2" insulation on copper pipes ve... (read more)

Author: William Lund

22. Understanding How to Build a Generator
October 26, 2009

How to Build a Generator one should first appreciate how it works, the best illustration is to locate an older electric generator or motor. How to build a generator at your home is easily done as soon as the idea of how it operates is understood. An electric motor uses electric current to charge the copper wrapping within the motor this causes a magnetic field that attract or repel the magnets resulting in the shaft to start turning. Using the DC motor take the two wires leading from the motor and fix these to an ordinary flashlight bulb at this time spin the shaft and you will catch a glimpse... (read more)

Author: Danny Fisher

23. Enticing Jewelry for Men and Women
October 22, 2009

If women enjoy wearing beaded jewelry with different designs and shapes, why not men? For your information, jewelry designers utilize exciting materials, colors, and designs when making unique and enticing jewelry pieces both men and women will surely enjoy. Men's jewelry is typically composed of beaded watches, bracelets and necklaces. Most typical colors jewelry designers use for men's jewelry pieces are black, silver, copper, brown and gray. Men also enjoy wearing custom-designed beaded jewelry that's sophisticated and unique. Beaded lanyards and key rings are preferred for men of eve... (read more)

Author: Gary Capps

24. Surgical Healthcare Solutions Ireland has introduce a hand sanitizer to the Irish Market that prote
October 22, 2009

How It Works Traditional hand sanitizers and gels are based on old technology. They contain alcohol (normally 70%+), and a range of poisons based on heavy metals – arsenic, lead, tin, mercury, silver, copper, and derivatives thereof. Most will also will contain polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB’s). All of these highly toxic chemicals, as well as alcohol, easily absorb through the skin into the bloodstream, and once in the body are very difficult to get rid of, or metabolize. Exposure to toxic metals is associated with many chronic diseases. Recent research has found that even low levels of l... (read more)

Author: Surgical Healthcare

25. Why Collect Coins?
October 22, 2009

Coin collecting is one of the world's oldest hobbies and was practiced only by kings and wealthy people. Nowadays anybody can collect coins with relative ease. There are many reasons why coin collecting is a fulfilling and valuable hobby. The History Coins date all the way back to 650 B.C., discovered in an area called Lydia, which is now Turkey. These coins were made of a mixture of gold and silver that is called electrum. Later, it was also mixed with copper to make it more durable. Most coins even back then were circular, and some had holes in them. The holes made coins easy to ca... (read more)

Author: Amanda Yanik

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