Search Results - Copper
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Copper (pronounced /'k?p?r/, KOP-?r) is a chemical element with the symbol Cu ( Latin cuprum) and atomic number 29. It is a ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. Pure copper is rather soft and malleable and a freshly-exposed surface has a pinkish or peachy color. It is used as a thermal conductor, an electrical conductor, a building material, and a constituent of various metal alloys. Copper metal and alloys have been used for thousands of years. In the Roman era, copper was principally mined on Cyprus, hence the origin of the name of the metal as Cyprium, "metal of Cyprus", later shortened to Cuprum. There may be insufficient reserves to sustain current high rates of copper consumption.[1] Some countries, such as Chile and the United States, still have sizable reserves of the metal which are extracted through large open pit mines. Copper compounds are known in several oxidation states, usually 2+, where they often impart blue or green colors to natural minerals such as turquoise and have been used historically widely as pigments. Copper as both metal and pigmented salt, has a significant presence in decorative art. Copper 2+ ions are soluble in water, where they function at low concentration as bacteriostatic substances and fungicides. For this reason, copper metal can be used as an anti-germ surface that can add to the anti-bacterial and antimicrobial features of buildings such as hospitals.[2] In sufficient amounts, copper salts can be poisonous to higher organisms as well. However, despite universal toxicity at high concentrations, the 2+ copper ion at lower concentrations is an essential trace nutrient to all higher plant and animal life. In animals, including humans, it is found widely in tissues, with concentration in liver, muscle, and bone. It functions as a co-factor in various enzymes and in copper-based pigments. Copper, as native copper, is one of the few metals to occur naturally as an un-compounded mineral. Copper was known to some of the oldest civilizations on record, and has a history of use that is at least 10,000 years old. Some estimates of copper's discovery place this event around 9000 BC in the Middle East.[3] A copper pendant was found in what is now northern Iraq that dates to 8700 BC.[4] It is probable that gold and meteoritic iron were the only metals used by humans before copper.[5] By 5000 BC, there are signs of copper smelting the refining of copper from simple copper compounds such as malachite or azurite. Among archaeological sites in Anatolia, Çatal Höyük (~6000 BC) features native copper artifacts and smelted lead beads, but no smelted copper. Can Hasan (~5000 BC) had access to smelted copper but the oldest smelted copper artifact found (a copper chisel from the chalcolithic site of Prokuplje in Serbia) has pre-dated Can Hasan by 500 years. The smelting facilities in the Balkans appear to be more advanced than the Turkish forges found at a later date, so it is quite probable that copper smelting originated in the Balkans. Investment casting was realized in 4500-4000 BCE in Southeast Asia.[3]
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1. Sapphire pendants- embrace the divine
November 20, 2009
Worn in the neck, placed near heart, pendant is a way to discern wearer’s persona. Pendants are one the earliest forms of jewelry. A copper pendant believed to have been made in Sumeria, the first civilization in the eighth century. Today and for years it’s been a favorite add-on for both the sex in all ages. Forming a very significant part of accessory collection, pendants are the most precious and fascinating possessions for women. Fair sex often has a strong desire to match their pendants with color of outfit and an ideal gemstone for this is the heavenly sapphire. Sapphire is said to ... (read more)
Author: Rajesh Kumar
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2. Features of Cloisonné Paintings
November 20, 2009
Cloisonné painting is a kind of unique purely handed-made craft painting which is mainly made of copper wire and a natural colored stone. The whole process needs many steps: Drawing, Copper Wire Inlay, Enamel Filling, Polishing, Gilding and so on. Every step has to be perfect, if one fails, the entire work has been done in vain.
Cloisonné Painting originated in Ming Dynasty in China and has a history of over six hundreds of years. Modern Cloisonné Painting combines the skills of oil painting, traditional Chinese painting, watercolor painting and other paintings. With some special techniqu... (read more)
Author: lan you
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3. Stained Glass Floor Lamps: Bring Colorful Light Into Your Home!
November 19, 2009
People have been incorporating stained glass into home décor since the 11th century, when this colorful variation on the standard glass making procedure began to flourish as an art form. Glass was typically colored by adding metallic oxides to the glass while it was still in molten form. Copper oxides were added to produce green, cobalt for blue, and gold was added to produce red glass. This has continued into modern times, where stained glass is more prominent than ever, making its way into households in a multitude of accessories and furniture items. A popular example of stained glass home d... (read more)
Author: Jacqueline Rupp
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4. Relaxing With Fountains
November 19, 2009
After coming home from a long day at work, the first thing a person wants to do is to relax and get some much needed rest. Rest and relaxation is very important especially after a hard and tiring day at work. A lot of people need their rest and need to relax in order to recharge for the next work day and the long week ahead of them.
You get your rest and also relax in different parts of the house if you want. The living room is where most people prefer to do it; they can eat their dinner while sitting down on the comfortable couch and watching their favourite television show. If they want, ... (read more)
Author: Wyatt Fisk
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5. Wall Fountains and their Limitless Design
November 19, 2009
Wall fountains instantly give a home or workplace a very relaxing atmosphere. The tranquil sound of water calms down your nerves as you stress over house chores or beating a deadline in the office. There's also a wide range of materials used to make these fountains. You can choose from glass, steel, copper, or stone""whatever matches the architectural design.
Although wall fountains are usually placed in gardens; they're just as beautiful in a room's interior. Having water in your interior brings in an outdoor natural element. Indoor fountains are made of tiers, a container, water, and a s... (read more)
Author: Wyatt Fisk
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6. Best Groomsmen Gifts Available
November 19, 2009
Here are some suggested gift ideas, which are considered the best: silver-plated USB flash keychain, monogrammed bathrobes, leather personalized pillows, remote luggage locator, personalized copper mailbox, engraved belt and buckle, and engraved household set.
The key in choosing groomsmen's gifts is finding the right gift according to their personalities. A personalized gift is the choice of many couple because it makes the gift more meaningful. Since there is no such thing as a perfect gift, here are some unique items that are highly recommended as groomsmen's gifts namely:
Silve... (read more)
Author: Meliza Mateo
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7. Reports: Afghan Minister Accepted $20 Million Bribe
November 18, 2009
Afghan Minister for Mines, Mohammad Ibrahim Adel (2008 File photo)News reports say Afghanistan's minister of mines has been accused of accepting a bribe of at least $20 million to steer a lucrative copper mining contract to a Chinese firm. The reports published Wednesday by The Washington Post and the Associated Press say Mohammad Ibrahim Adel accepted the money, shortly after the Afghan government awarded the multi-billion dollar project to the state-run China Metallurgical Group in 2007.The articles quote unnamed U.S. officials who are said to be familiar with reports of the incident. Adel d... (read more)
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8. An explanation of the turquoise jewelry
November 19, 2009
Turquoise is a high-quality jade, gems of China's Qing Dynasty called the kingdom of heaven. It is considered auspicious and happy sacred. Turquoise due to the elements contained in different colors are different when the blue copper oxides, iron when the green. Among them, blue, dark blue opaque or slightly transparent, uniform color, luster gentle, non-brown wire were the best quality. The international community divided discount costume jewelry into four grades: a product that is the Persian level; two items that the Inter-American level; three-level product that is Egypt; four-level produc... (read more)
Author: Sherry Shu
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9. More info on Naked DSL
November 19, 2009
Naked DSL is new to the internet market and has broken all the previously set rules. But, is this new technology right for you? Below is a simple guide to understanding Naked DSL and how you can benefit from it.
Naked DSL – What exactly is it?
In simple terms, Naked DSL is fast broadband that doesn't need a phone line rental to run. Phone line rental has become increasingly expensive and by using Naked DSL it allows you to save possibly hundreds of dollars a year.
If you’re of a more technical mind, Naked DSL is similar to DSL/ADSL services where the internet connection is sup... (read more)
Author: Jim Brown
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10. Industrial chiller range for harsh and coastal environments designed by Summit Matsu
November 16, 2009
November 2009
Summit Matsu is a manufacturer of industrial chillers which supplies a range of chillers that are designed specifically for use in coastal and other harsh environments. Using an industrial chiller empowers the user to maintain a constant temperature needed for air conditioning or process applications.
A standard chiller includes copper/copper condensers, hot dipped galvanized steel frames, and 304 stainless steel water chiller panels, sound attenuators, and drain trays.
“To build this line of water chillers Australia’s harsh coastal environment demands involved si... (read more)
Author: Daniel Rollston
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11. Making your best Copper wall art.
November 16, 2009
It certainly is very easy to make copper wall art appear three dimensional, that can be done from a two dimensional copper sheet. You need to put in little extra amount of time and little patience and you just have to be sure that you hit the copper sheet at just the right place so you can create some of the most amazing patterns. You can just begin by taking a thin sheet of copper and try stretching it on a wooden board. After this to make a copper wall art you have to nail it to the board from the four corners and you have to be sure that the middle portion is raised little above the board. ... (read more)
Author: healthy weight
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12. Third Generaton Photovoltaic Cells
November 13, 2009
Ever since the discovery of the photoelectric effect by Edison who used Cuperic Copper in his 19th century tests practical as well as theoretical work has been ongoing to create more effective ways of turning light into electricity. Sometimes called 3gpv the newest group of light generating cells use 3rd generation techniques. Moving forward from the solid disks and squares of earlier generations, and improving the power output of the first thin films, 3rd generation cells finally offer practical generation in a convenient form factor.As solar cells move into the mainstream ROI is a big facto... (read more)
Author: Kimberly Thompson
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13. Multi-Benefits of an Indoor Wall Fountain
November 12, 2009
Wall Fountains are not just a stylish decorative item but it offers a number of pertinent benefits. The flowing water in the fountain has a comforting sound which creates a tranquil and peaceful ambience in any office or home.
1. Medium for Advertising your Business Advertising your business is a must to be at par with your competitors or more so outdo them. Many companies are coming up with unique ways to make their products known in the market. Another exceptional option companies have is to have the company’s logo engraved on the face of the fountain. You can have the wall fountain ... (read more)
Author: Wendye Rivera
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14. Korean Jewelry In The Wholesale Jewelry Market
November 12, 2009
Korean jewelry is different from the higher prices of gold and silver jewelry. It is usually composed of copper, aluminum alloy for primary materials and coupled with man-made pearls, acrylic beads, leather, wood and other materials. For the cheap price and trendy style, Korean jewelry is becoming the most popular jewelry in the world today. Meanwhile the business of wholesale Korean jewelry is becoming more and more common in today’s business world which can bring more profit for the dealer.
Two characters of Korean jewelry are as follows. 1. Colorful. The reason why Korean jewelry is ... (read more)
Author: zhang yong
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15. The Benefits of Wooden Caskets
November 12, 2009
Losing a loved one is a difficult process to go through in and of itself. In addition to the heartache, another worry to add to this already hard time is the cost of the funeral service. The average funeral is over $5,000, and some can go well over $10,000.
Oftentimes the most expensive part of a funeral is the casket. The two main materials used for caskets are wood and metal. The metal caskets are the most expensive, and can cost between $2-3,000 on average. They are often made of steel, but can also be made from other cheaper alloys as well. Bronze and copper may also be used, but are... (read more)
Author: Amanda Yanik
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16. All About Copper Fireplace Screens And More
November 12, 2009
When someone decides to buy a copper fireplace screen, they are probably thinking " that color will go really nice with my drapes". Which is fine, you do want your colors to coordinate. However, that is probably where their thought about copper ends.
It is true that copper makes a beautiful fireplace screen. It coordinates great with the warm colors of a room which are the reds, yellows and oranges. There are also many other facts about copper that many people do not know.
History
Copper has a history of use that dates back to 10,000 years by some of the oldest civilization... (read more)
Author: AJ Drake
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17. Introduction of Cloisonne Art
November 12, 2009
[About Cloisonne]
Cloisonne, also called 'Jingtai Blue' because the color blue is the most frequently used color for enameling. It is one of the most famous arts and crafts in Beijing during the Yuan Dynasty (1271 - 1368). Cloisonne is the technique of creating designs on metal vessels with colored-glass paste placed within enclosures made of copper or bronze wires, which have been bent or hammered into the desired pattern. Known as cloisons (French for "partitions"), the enclosures generally are either pasted or soldered onto the metal body. The glass paste, or enamel, is colored with me... (read more)
Author: lan you
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18. Water Fountains Make Your Home Special for Neighborhood Glory
November 11, 2009
All too often, when designing or decorating a home, decorative possibilities such as water fountains are rarely considered. This is because such fountains are often seen as symbols of opulence and luxury. As such, people often presume they are too expensive to bother giving thought. However, this is not entirely the case, and installing just one can really make a difference to your home.
Water fountains are available in a produced in a variety of materials and designs. However, when you go with an indoor fountain you are going with something extra special that can really distinguish your ho... (read more)
Author: Wyatt Fisk
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19. Rose Gold Ring - Unique Jewelry Piece for Woman
November 11, 2009
Rose gold is a type of pink gold. The structure of the metal consists of one part copper and three parts gold. Rose gold represents romance and elegance. They are the popular choices for constructing jewelry. Famous rose gold jewelry inclusive of like rose gold rings, rose gold earrings and rose gold necklaces.
Rose gold ring is one of the legendary jewelry collections for woman. It is made from rose gold. It is offered with different styles and patterns. One of the famous options of rose gold ring is rose gold engagement ring. The ring comes well with luxury gemstones like diamond and em... (read more)
Author: Michelle Long
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20. Infrared Heaters: Low Cost Heating Unit
November 11, 2009
Infrared heaters are widely used for heating. It radiates warmth on a heated surface with reflective shield. Radiant heaters are available in configuration and sizes. Infrared heaters usually consist of the protective sheath that covers the heating elements. These heaters are available with infrared many choices of material of the sheath. The material of the sheath used in the popular infrared radiators are aluminum, brass, copper, iron, nickel, steel and stainless steel. Types Heaters that are commonly used are the following: * Metal-sheathed tubular heaters ... (read more)
Author: Joshua Bacon
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21. The Best Sink for Your Kitchen
November 10, 2009
There are different types of kitchen sinks. However before buying that sink for your kitchen there are things you need to consider like the design of your kitchen, the decor and most importantly the durability. Today there are at least four common widely used sinks. These are the stainless sink, the granite sink, the copper sink and the brass sink. In selecting the type of sink you would want you should largely be informed by; how big your cabinet is, the number of bowls that you want depending on the needs for the sink, and also the type of kitchen sinks that work with counter tops. After sat... (read more)
Author: Lewis Dylan
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22. price pfister kitchen faucet
November 10, 2009
Buying Tips For Kitchen Faucets (price pfister kitchen faucet)
Kitchen faucets (price pfister kitchen faucet) are basically designed and made in three styles. The first style is a two-handle centerset which can be usually seen in the bathroom, this faucet combines the spout and valves on one base unit. While the single-handle kitchen faucets(price pfister kitchen faucet), standard for both the kitchens and baths, are actually centersets which control the hot and cold water through a knob or lever that is part of the spout. The third faucet style is the widespread faucet where the hot-wate... (read more)
Author: inborn error
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23. Krugerrand Gold Coins Investment
November 06, 2009
1967 was the first year that Krugerrand gold coins were first minted in South Africa. They were first produced for currency but also so the African population could take ownership of gold. To stop markings it was minted in a durable alloy which is a more copper looking colour compared to other national gold bullion coins.It is the current spot price that gives krugerrand gold coins there value, unlike other gold bullion coins which also have a face value. There is no other gold bullion coin in history that has depicted its value like this. The coin was also the first to be measured and minted ... (read more)
Author: Darren Massey
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24. Wall Fountains and the Design Possibilities
November 06, 2009
Homeowners considering additional decorations should consider getting a wall fountain. Wall fountains give a garden or outdoor patio more class and vibrancy. There are all kinds of fountains that use materials from glass to stone. Glass and copper fountains are a perfect fit to modern architecture while stone made fountains fit neoclassic homes. Read further to know the design possibilities of wall fountains.
There are four wall fountain types to choose from. The first is a rock fountain, best for homes that are made of stone and have dim environments. These can be placed in a stone themed ... (read more)
Author: Wyatt Fisk
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25. Bracelet - Wristbands to enhance appeal
November 06, 2009
Bracelet is one of the type of wristband that is often available in various variants and types depending on the material and cost. Considering the material ,they can be of Gold, Diamond, Silver, Pearl, gemstone, Leather, white gold, Rose gold, garnet, Jade, Stainless steel, Copper, Brass with desired shapes, designs , weight and cost . Gold ones are available in the variants of 14 carat, 18 carat with availability in plain, Yellow Gold, Beaded, Yellow gold flat, Yellow gold light, white and rose gold , Twisted, Tri color, Yellow gold braided twist, White gold Large and polished, shiny gold... (read more)
Author: Cherry bruce
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