A
cultivar is a cultivated
plant that has been selected and given a unique name because of desired characteristics; it is usually distinct from similar plants and when
propagated it retains those characteristics.
The naming of a cultivar should conform to the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (the ICNCP, commonly known as the Cultivated Plant Code). For this, it must be distinct from other cultivars and it must be possible to propagate it reliably, in the manner prescribed for that particular cultivar, either by sexual or asexual means.
The word cultivar, coined by Liberty Hyde Bailey, is generally regarded as a portmanteau of "cultivated" and "variety", but could also be derived from "cultigen" "variety". The word cultivar is not interchangeable with the botanical rank of variety, nor with the legal term "plant variety".[1] Cultivars are a sub-set of Bailey's broader grouping the cultigen, defined as "a plant that has been deliberately altered or selected by humans" (see cultigen for Bailey's original definition of the cultivar[2], his definitions of the cultigen, and discussion of the current definition of cultigen).
The cultivar is defined in Art. 2 of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants. In the 2004 edition (7th edition) this starts off by establishing the cultivar as a category