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Search Results - Gene

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A gene is the basic unit of heredity in a living organism. The field of genetics predates modern molecular biology, but it is now known that all living things depend on DNA to pass on their traits to offspring. Loosely speaking, a gene is a segment of genomic information that must be taken as a whole to define traits. The colloquial usage of the term gene often refers to the scientific concept of an allele.

The notion of a gene has evolved with the science of genetics, which began when Gregor Mendel noticed that biological variations were only inherited from parent organisms as specific, discrete traits. For example, if one parent has blue eyes and the other has brown eyes, there is a 3/4 chance that the child will have brown eyes. The biological entity responsible for defining eye color was termed a "gene", but the biological basis for inheritance remained unknown until the discovery of the genetic code in mid 1950s, when genes were determined to be encoded by DNA. All organisms have many genes corresponding to many different biological traits, some of which are immediately visible, such as eye color or number of limbs, and some of which are not, such as blood type or increased risk for certain diseases, or the thousands of basic biochemical processes which comprise life.

In cells, a gene is a portion of an organism's DNA which contains both "coding" sequences that determine what the gene does, and "non-coding" sequences that determine when the gene is active (expressed.) When a gene is active, the coding and non-coding sequences are copied in a process called transcription, producing an RNA copy of the gene's information. This piece of RNA can then direct the synthesis of proteins via the genetic code. In other cases, the RNA is used directly, for example as part of the ribosome. The RNA may undergo special post-transcriptional processing steps required to convert it into a mature, functional form. These molecules resulting from gene expression, whether RNA or protein, are known as gene products, and are responsible for the development and functioning of all living things.

More technically, a gene is a locatable region of genomic sequence, corresponding to a unit of inheritance, and is associated with regulatory regions, transcribed regions and/or other functional sequence regions.[1][2] The physical development and phenotype of organisms can be thought of as a product of genes interacting with each other and with the environment.[3] A concise definition of a gene, taking into account complex patterns of regulation and transcription, genic conservation and non-coding RNA genes, has been proposed by Gerstein et al[4] "A gene is a union of genomic sequences encoding a coherent set of potentially overlapping functional products".

Showing 1 to 25 of 292 Articles matching 'Gene' in related articles.
Pages: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | Next >>

1. DNA Unambiguous Supplements
November 18, 2008

This is a concise indication of the DNA definite enhancements presented by Gene Link Inc. and their DNA estimation time chart. This is the world initial dietary complements planned specially for the human being, by way of DNA estimation. This is the viewpoint of nourishment on a cellular level. This checking and complement plan will permit the targeting of weakness in the genome that effect the way our bodies brawl illness, venoms and maturing. By sustaining these weak spots the value of life may be improved. First we will need to talk about the DNA framework. There are three main compone... (read more)

Author: Francis Adam

2. Breast Cancer
November 17, 2008

Breast cancer Breast cancer is usually, but not always, primarily classified by its histological appearance. Rare variants are defined on the basis of physical exam findings.[1] Breast cancer can also occur in men, but it's far less common. For 2007, the predicted number of new breast cancers in men is 2,000.[2] Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second most common cause of death from cancer in women. Because of the high frequency of the disease and the esthetic and symbolic value invested in the breast, breast cancer has always been a source of severe distress t... (read more)

Author: laverne arsenault

3. Are You Stuck With the Genes You Were Born With?
November 14, 2008

There’s a rapidly emerging research field centered around ‘epigenetics’. Essentially, this is the ability to modify your genes during your life to change their level of activity. Genes, in and of themselves, are just blueprints. In order to use them you have to make the product that the genes code for. This requires ‘activating’ the gene so that it goes into production mode. Epigenetics refers to the types of modifications we do to our genes that either crank up their productivity or dial it way down. The kicker is that these types of modifications can be heritable. Meaning, the way you m... (read more)

Author: Simon Evans

4. Important Facts About Antibodies and Proteins
November 11, 2008

Antibodies are a class of proteins formed in the body in response to the presence of antigens, like foreign proteins and other compounds, which are bound to the antigen inactivating it. Though science may have done a lot of advancements in the understanding of molecular biology but still in quite a few cases it is still unable to implicate specific proteins with a disease. By measuring the amount of the specific protein directly, it is possible to measure a true level of gene function. However, when one takes into consideration the large number of post-transnational modifications, huma... (read more)

Author: Fabiola Groshan

5. Home DNA & Paternity Tests: Legal Test Kits & Testing Services ...
November 11, 2008

Paternity and DNA tests provide the most accurate and conclusive DNA and paternity test results available at very affordable prices, from a laboratory that can trust.DNA test samples can be collected from family members by simply swabbing the inside of the cheeks with a special swab like a large Q-Tip. This is quick and painless. DNA testing services are listed below by gene and by disease.Multiple and complementary tests are often available for comprehensive coverage of gene mutations. For most genes, the regions of likely functional significance are either sequenced or scanned in a ... (read more)

Author: Tejraj jain

6. What Causes Autism?
November 10, 2008

As the public has become increasingly aware of the incidences of ASDs, many parents are left wondering what causes this disorder. No Single Cause Researchers still do not know a lot about what causes ASDs, although they have learned a great deal about the symptoms these disorders cause. While the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that, for most affected people, there is no single known cause, genetics and the environment are contributing factors. Genetics The CDC reports that, among identical twins, if one twin has autism, the other will be affected around 75... (read more)

Author: gene waxin

7. The Product Creation Guide
November 10, 2008

Have you ever wondered how some people can turn out product after product with such easy? Have you thought these people were born with product creation ideas gene that you lack? Thank your lucky stars that you found this article. In this article, I uncover some of the product creation ideas, secrets, tips, and tricks the Master product creators use. The article will help you create your own products. After you master these product creation ideas, secrets, tips, and tricks, you can begin to create your own products on demand. With A little practice, you can join the ranks of the Master produc... (read more)

Author: Sumit Sharma

8. Palominos
November 07, 2008

Palomino is a colour type not a breed. America is the only country in the world that recognises the Palomino as breed. The Palomino colour occurs from a colour dilution gene known as the cream gene. When the cream gene acts it produces a lighter coat colour. In the case of the Palomino the cream gene is acting on a chestnut base colour. The cream gene lightens the chestnut base colour to varying shades of gold. The Palomino colour constitutes of a golden coloured body, the ideal colour can be described as a newly minted gold coin. The shades of... (read more)

Author: Paul Simms

9. Gene Therapy Set to Make a Deaf Ear Singing
November 03, 2008

The days are not faraway, if an Oregon team is to be believed, when a deaf can be seen listening to the chart busters and enjoying symphonies and he may ,also, be seen dancing to many tunes. Most probably, dancing to the tunes of a certain gene, which the scientists believe can bring back the lost hearing ability. The scientists have shown success in reproducing cochlear hair cells. These cells are efficient converters of sound waves into electric signals. These signals after reaching brain turn into things what we hear or listen to. Any damage to these hair cells lead to hearin... (read more)

Author: Pattrick Savarna

10. Exercising Can Help With Physical Problems
October 24, 2008

As the owner of http://www.exercisestability.com, I would like to share with you how important exercise is and how it has helped me with a genetic medical condition that I was just very recently diagnosed with having. Spinocerebellar Ataxia , aka SCA. SCA is a genetic disease that can slowly progress leaving the body in poor condition. Ataxia is a result of unsteady and clumsy motions of the body. Without genetic testing, you don’t know that you carry the gene until the body starts to show symptoms. So how has exercise helped me? One of the first symptoms I noticed of myself was some we... (read more)

Author: Diane Bixler

11. Detailed Information on Marfan syndrome
October 20, 2008

Marfan syndrome is an inherited disorder that affects connective tissue the fibers that provide the framework and support for your body. Connective tissue is not a single entity, but a catch-all term for everything in your body that keeps you from falling apart. The familiar tendons and ligaments keep bones and muscles together, but other connective tissue is more obscure, like the elastic fibers in the aorta that keep it soft and rubbery. Marfan syndrome is caused by mutations in the FBN1 gene on chromosome 15. People have a pair of FBN1 genes. Because it is dominant, people who have inherite... (read more)

Author: Juliet Cohen

12. Detailed Information on Nail Patella Syndrome
October 20, 2008

Nail-patella syndrome (NPS) is a genetic disorder that is also known as Iliac Horn Syndrome. Nail-patella syndrome is a connective tissue that produces defects in the fingernails, knee caps, and kidneys. It is caused by mutations in a gene known as LIM Homeobox Transcription Factor 1-Beta (LMX1B), located on the long arm of chromosome 9. Nail abnormalities are seen in almost all individuals with nail-patella syndrome. The nails may be absent or underdeveloped and discolored, split, ridged, or pitted. The fingernails are more likely to be affected than the toenails, and the thumbnails are usual... (read more)

Author: Juliet Cohen

13. Detailed Information on Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome
October 20, 2008

Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome is a unusual autosomal recessive disorder characterized by cerebellar atrophy, ataxia, cataracts, short stature and varying degrees of mental retardation. Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome can be related with mutations of the SIL1 gene, and a mutation can be found in about 50% of cases. The illness is usually evident at birth because of hypotonia (floppiness). The cataracts appear during childhood. Motor milestones are delayed with ataxia apparent by the time the child can sit. Most patients are eventually able to ambulate with a walker. Mental retardation is usually mild ... (read more)

Author: Juliet Cohen

14. Detailed Information on Mental Retardation
October 19, 2008

Mental retardation is a developmental disability that is marked by lower-than-normal intelligence and limited daily living skills. People who are mentally retarded function at an intellectual level that is below average and have difficulties with learning. Mental retardation is usually present at birth or develops early in life. Approximately 2.5 to 3% of the total population is mentally retarded. In most cases, it is a lifelong condition. There is no connection between mental retardation and gender or race. Gene defects such as phenylketonuria (PKU) can cause mental retardation if not found a... (read more)

Author: Juliet Cohen

15. Detailed Information on Monilethrix
October 18, 2008

Monilethrix is an autosomal dominant hair disease that results in short, fragile, broken hair that appears beaded. Mutations in the person basic hair keratins hHb1 and hHb6 have recently been reported in this disease. These changes in the helix-encoding area in the hair-specific keratins hHb1 and hHb6 may represent different novel heterozygous point mutations of the same codon in exon 7 of the hHb6 gene. A mutational hotspot may exist in the helix termination motif of hHb6. A missense mutation in the type II hair keratin hHb3 has been shown to be associated with monilethrix. The hair may... (read more)

Author: Juliet Cohen

16. Detailed Information on McCune Albright syndrome
October 17, 2008

McCune-Albright syndrome is a inherited disease affecting the bones and pigmentation (color) of the skin. It also causes hormonal problems and early sexual development. McCune-Albright syndrome is reason by mutations in the GNAS1 gene. It is related with mosaicism, meaning that the abnormal gene is present in a part, but not all, of the patient's cells. McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) is defined as the association of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia (PFD), precocious puberty, café au lait spots, and other endocrinopathies due to hyperactivity of various endocrine glands. McCune-Albright synd... (read more)

Author: Juliet Cohen

17. Detailed Information on Malignant Hyperthermia
October 17, 2008

Malignant Hyperthermia is a genetic disorder of skeletal muscle, discriminated by a hypermetabolic state, triggered by all volatile anesthetics and suxamethonium. In people with the muscle abnormality, a gene mutation causes muscle cells to have an abnormal protein on their surfaces. The mutation does not affect muscle function significantly until the muscles are exposed to one of several drugs that can trigger a reaction. When a person with this condition is exposed to one of these drugs, calcium stored in muscle cells is released, causing the muscles to contract and stiffen at the same time,... (read more)

Author: Juliet Cohen

18. Getting Real with Fake Breasts
October 13, 2008

When Christina Applegate discovered she had cancer in one of her breasts and results proved that regardless of chemotherapy and radiation treatments she would most likely have a recurrence, she did not hesitate to have both of her breasts removed. For most women, losing one or both breasts to cancer is not the preferred option, unless extremely necessary; but for Christina, who proved positive for the BRCA1 gene mutation, which oncologists have ruled as the primary indicator for a more likely recurrence of cancer, the least favorable option became her ultimate solution. Between life and b... (read more)

Author: Christiene Bowden

19. What Causes Male Pattern Baldness
October 08, 2008

Male pattern baldness is also genetic, and the gene is passed to a child from either parent, not just the mother, as had been previously thought. Pattern baldness in men is the most common type of hair loss, and usually involves a receding hairline and baldness on the crown of the head. The root cause of baldness in men is dihydrotestosterone, or DHT, a byproduct of the male hormone testosterone. Another cause of baldness in men is hairstyle. Male Pattern Baldness Baldness is not only a human trait. Baldness is a condition where there is no hair in the area where it grows, usually... (read more)

Author: Paul Rodgers

20. What will determine your success in Genewize?
October 07, 2008

What might you potentially learn regarding network marketing when you're on an escalator? I have been curious about that very issue.While I was waiting to buy my iPhone my children had time to ride the escalator almost a hundred times. There was a point where my husband stood in line while I rode back and forth with them on the escalator. My six-year-old moved ahead and got on the descending escalator, while his little brother and I attempted to get to the top. Twirling around, Blake bolted up the descending escalator. He was having a great time and laughing his head off. ... (read more)

Author: Jenn Lawlor

21. Information on Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy
September 29, 2008

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy is known hereditarily heterogeneous. LGMD2A is caused by mutations on chromosome 15 in the calpain-3 gene. There are at least 19 forms of LGMD, and they’re classified by the inherited flaws that show to cause them. All limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD) show a similar distribution of muscle weakness, affecting both upper arms and legs. Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy can begin in childhood, adolescence, young adulthood or even later. Both genders are affected equally. When limb-girdle muscular dystrophy begins in childhood. It’s not yet possible to predict th... (read more)

Author: Juliet Cohen

22. Information on LEOPARD Syndrome
September 29, 2008

LEOPARD syndrome is a rare inherited disorder characterized by abnormalities of the skin, the structure and function of the heart, the inner ear, the head and facial area, and/or the genitals. LEOPARD syndrome is nearly always due to mutations in the PTPN11 gene (protein-tyrosine phosphatase, no receptor type 11). It is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, which means that if one parent is affected there is a 50% chance that each child will be affected. About 70% of cases are inherited. The remainder is sporadic cases occurring from new mutations. The signs and symptoms experienced by pe... (read more)

Author: Juliet Cohen

23. Information on Li Fraumeni Syndrome
September 29, 2008

Li Fraumeni syndrome is rare, genetic predisposition to several cancers, caused by a variation in the p53 tumor suppressor gene. The cancers most frequently linked with Li-Fraumeni syndrome include breast cancer, a form of bone cancer called osteosarcoma, and cancers of soft tissues (such as muscle) called soft tissue sarcomas. Other cancers commonly seen in this syndrome include brain tumors, cancers of blood-forming tissues (leukemias), and a cancer called adrenocortical carcinoma that affects the outer layer of the adrenal glands (small hormone-producing glands on top of each kidney). ... (read more)

Author: Juliet Cohen

24. Information on Kniest Dysplasia
September 27, 2008

Kniest dysplasia is a disorder of bone growth characterized by short stature (dwarfism) with other skeletal abnormalities and problems with vision and hearing. People with this condition have short size from birth, with a short trunk and shortened limbs. Mature height ranges from 42 inches to 58 inches. Kniest dysplasia is one of several forms of dwarfism that is caused by a change (mutation) in a gene known as COL2A1. This gene is involved in the production of a particular protein that forms type 2 collagen, which is necessary for the normal development of bones and other connective tissue. ... (read more)

Author: Juliet Cohen

25. Information on Incontinentia Pigmenti
September 26, 2008

Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is neurocutaneous disorders. Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is caused by mutations in the NEMO/IKK-gamma gene, which is sited on chromosome Xq28. NEMO/IKK-gamma is the rigid subunit of the inhibitor kappa kinase (IKK) complex and is necessary for the activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB (NF-kB). NF-kB is central to many immune, inflammatory, and apoptotic pathways. This condition occurs much more often in females than in males. Incontinentia pigmenti is characterized by skin abnormalities that evolve throughout childhood and young adulthood. Several a... (read more)

Author: Juliet Cohen

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