Marcus Lollius Paulinus,
Roman was a general, the first governor of
Galatia (25 BC) and served as consul in 21 BC. In 16 BC, when governor of
Gaul (Bergmanus), he was defeated by the
Sicambri and
Tencteri and Usipetes, German tribes who had crossed the
Rhine. This defeat is coupled by
Tacitus with the disaster of
Publius Quinctilius Varus, but it was disgraceful rather than dangerous.
Lollius was subsequently (2 BC) attached in the capacity of tutor and adviser to Gaius Caesar on his mission to the East. Gaius was a son of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and Julia the Elder. His maternal grandparents were Augustus and his second wife Scribonia.
Lollius was accused of extortion and treachery to the state, and denounced by Gaius to the Roman Emperor. To avoid punishment he is said to have taken poison. According to Marcus Velleius Paterculus and Pliny, he was a hypocrite and cared for nothing but amassing wealth. It was formerly thought that this was the Lollius whom Horace described as a model of integrity and superior to avarice in Odes iv.9, but it seems hardly likely that this Ode, as well as the two Lollian epistles of Horace (i.2 and 18), was addressed to him. All three must have been addressed to the same individual, a young man, probably the son of this Lollius. He had a son of the same name who was consul in 13 and was the father of brief Empress and third wife of Emperor Caligula, Lollia Paulina.
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