Search Results - Protein
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This article is part of the series on Like other biological macromolecules such as polysaccharides and nucleic acids, proteins are essential parts of organisms and participate in virtually every process within cells. Many proteins are enzymes that catalyze biochemical reactions and are vital to metabolism. Proteins also have structural or mechanical functions, such as actin and myosin in muscle and the proteins in the cytoskeleton, which form a system of scaffolding that maintains cell shape. Other proteins are important in cell signaling, immune responses, cell adhesion, and the cell cycle. Proteins are also necessary in animals' diets, since animals cannot synthesize all the amino acids they need and must obtain essential amino acids from food. Through the process of digestion, animals break down ingested protein into free amino acids that are then used in metabolism. Proteins were first described by the Dutch chemist Gerhardus Johannes Mulder and named by the Swedish chemist Jöns Jakob Berzelius in 1838. The central role of proteins in living organisms was however not fully appreciated until 1926, when James B. Sumner showed that the enzyme urease was a protein.[3] The first protein to be sequenced was insulin, by Frederick Sanger, who won the Nobel Prize for this achievement in 1958. The first protein structures to be solved were hemoglobin and myoglobin, by Max Perutz and Sir John Cowdery Kendrew, respectively, in 1958.[4][5] The three-dimensional structures of both proteins were first determined by x-ray diffraction analysis; Perutz and Kendrew shared the 1962 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for these discoveries. Proteins may be purified from other cellular components using a variety of techniques such as ultracentrifugation, precipitation, electrophoresis, and chromatography; the advent of genetic engineering has made possible a number of methods to facilitate purification. Methods commonly used to study protein structure and function include immunohistochemistry, site-directed mutagenesis, and mass spectrometry. Proteins are linear polymers built from series of up to 20 different L-a-amino acids. All amino acids possess common structural features, including an a-carbon to which an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a variable side chain are bonded. Only proline differs from this basic structure as it contains an unusual ring to the N-end amine group, which forces the CO–NH amide moiety into a fixed conformation.[6] The side chains of the standard amino acids, detailed in the list of standard amino acids, have a great variety of chemical structures and properties; it is the combined effect of all of the amino acid side chains in a protein that ultimately determines its three-dimensional structure and its chemical reactivity.[7]
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1. Get Rid of Age Spots
November 03, 2009
With aging, all skin cells begin to produce excess amounts of free radicals--unstable oxygen molecules that, under ideal circumstances, are removed by naturally occurring antioxidants within the skin's cells. In aging skin cells, antioxidants are in short supply. The free radicals generated are left unchecked and cause damage to cell membranes, proteins, and DNA.
These free radicals eventually break down a protein substance in connective tissue (collagen) and release chemicals that cause inflammation in the skin. It is a combination of these cellular and molecular events that leads to sk... (read more)
Author: Emily O'Driscol
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2. 10 Sources for Building Muscle Mass
November 02, 2009
It's your power hour. We're assuming you have about sixty minutes to do your thing in the gym. We're also assuming that you want to conserve your power energy for you blast sessions, and not for when you're sorting socks or rotating your tires. Hence, throughout the week, you want indulge yourself in foods that are heavy in the calories, the carbohydrates, and the proteins. Yes, some of them may contain small to moderate amounts of fat, but then again, your body needs some fat, too. Here are ten food suggestions that will lead to no nonsense muscle building.
Let's start out with the carbo... (read more)
Author: Paul Guenther
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3. Finding Readymade Carp Fishing Baits Is Easy On The Net But Do Your Research First!
November 01, 2009
Readymade carp baits are a big topic of conversation among anglers but some baits are definitely better than others and particular ones perform far better in particular fishing situations in different seasons for instance; the price should be a secondary consideration if catch results really matter to you! So how can you identify excellent readymade baits at a sensible price from such a bewildering choice? Read on to find out right now!
Quality protein is not cheap and if you are looking for a quality carp bait that performs instantly and is excellent in the long term then protein quality... (read more)
Author: Tim Richardson
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4. Protein For Fat Loss
November 01, 2009
If you're aiming to change your body composition by burning fat and gaining lean muscle, one of the best techniques you can employ is to eat more protein for fat loss. In fact, eating more protein for fat loss should be the basis behind your food intake on a daily basis.
The Significance of Eating Complete Proteins
When you eat protein for fat loss, you should focus on eating "complete proteins." These are foods that contain all the 8 essential amino acids that your body cannot manufacture on its own.
Eating incomplete protein for fat loss is not as effective since it forces ... (read more)
Author: Sean Nalewanyj
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5. The Importance Of Nutrition Whey Protein When Weight Training
November 01, 2009
There are a lot of things that we have to learn about when it comes to our bodies. A lot of people do not know that if they eat properly that they do not need to exercise to lose fat, but this is a fact. Most people do not know about nutrition whey protein and just how good it is for our bodies, which is why, if you are looking to get healthy, you need to learn as much as you can.
The first thing that you need to know is that you need nutrition whey protein. The muscles in in our bodies are made up of a huge combination of very complex proteins. This is why all of the weight lifting exper... (read more)
Author: Liam Parkin
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6. Easy Way To Burn Fat: Drink Less Alcohol
November 01, 2009
If you're looking for an easy way to burn fat, one of the simplest steps you can take is to cut down your alcohol intake.
Alcohol consumption negatively impacts your body's ability to burn fat and build muscle; moreover, it has a negative effect on your workout performance.
Muscle gains will be hindered because alcohol negatively influences protein synthesis, which is a process that is essential to the development of new muscle tissue. Muscle growth is slowed down when protein synthesis is hampered.
Another very harmful effect of alcohol is that it lowers the body's testosterone... (read more)
Author: Sean Nalewanyj
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7. The Unsung Benefits Of Vitamin B And Hair Loss
November 01, 2009
Vitamin B and hair loss is an important subject that should be explored by anyone interested in improving both the look and feel of their hair. The most important B vitamins, in relation to vitamin B and hair loss are B1, B2, B6, B9, and B12 all of which are water soluble (the body doesn’t store them). They aide the body in metabolizing carbohydrates, fats, and protein as well as build red blood cells and are important to nerve and muscle function. A combination of vitamins B6, B9, and B12 can reduce the blood levels of Homocysteine, an amino acid that, when elevated, is associated with an inc... (read more)
Author: Rob Hawkins
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8. The Lean and Green Meal and its Importance
November 01, 2009
Some people are thinking about playing around with the medifast diet plan, or tweaking its system just a little bit, and they think that nothing will change. The main reason for this kind of thinking is because the thought of preparing a “Lean and Green meal” does not sound too attractive to many, especially to those who live very busy lifestyles. The lean and green meal is that one larger main meal that MediFast asks them to prepare themselves. This will supply them with protein and nutrient sources from meat and vegetables—the kinds of nutritious stuffs that are optimally ideal if gotten fro... (read more)
Author: Karen Davis Richardson
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9. Best Winter Carp Fishing Baits For More Cold Water Bites!
October 30, 2009
When autumn, winter and early spring conditions make carp much harder to catch you need to really think about how you are using your baits, if you are using them to their full potential to catch the most fish, and how you can do things to improve your catches. Many readymade baits may well be actually reducing your chances of getting as many bites as possible. Maximise your chances of bites to a much greater degree and read on now to find out more!
If you are using high protein baits in cold water temperatures in particular this can seriously reduce your catch rate. The reason for this is... (read more)
Author: Tim Richardson
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10. Clostridium botulinum bacteria.
November 01, 2009
Botox has made a huge splash in the health and beauty market because of its ability to erase and minimize wrinkles. The stunning success of the BOTOX solution has had beauty enthusiasts lining up to receive their wrinkle treatments. Are botox treatments safe? After all BoTOX is a protein toxin produced by clostridium botulinum bacteria. This is the first cousin to the deadly botulism bacteria.
Botox has been safely used by opthamoligists for over a decade without any serious side effects being reported. This drug has actually been around since the early 1960’s. Originally it was used as ... (read more)
Author: quiser raza
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11. Ways For Vegetarians To Get Protein
November 01, 2009
It is a good idea to take a list of questions with you when you go to visit the doctor. There are always things to wonder about when it comes to your health and lifestyle. Making exercise changes or diet changes are great things to get professional advice about. We've all heard in the news about the potential benefits involved in switching to a vegetarian diet. How will you know if the switch is a good idea for you though? What do you need to know about a vegetarian diet? If you are interested in the possibility of a vegetarian diet for you and your family, you may not even know what you don't... (read more)
Author: Al kaleb
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12. Does Exercising Help You To Get Taller?
October 31, 2009
<br>Once you have reached adulthood and effectively your body has stopped growing then exercising will not help you to get taller - unfortunately!&nbsp; If you are looking for ways to get taller and you are still in the process of growing, there are many different things you can do to help this process along. <br><br>Your diet, of course, plays an important role in getting taller. By eating foods rich in protein, calcium, amino acids, and calories, you will give your body the energy and nutrients it needs to grow and renew itself. It will also ... (read more)
Author: Mike Matthews
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13. Limu Plus, Nature's 3,000 Year-old Nutritional Solution To Better Health, Starting Right Now!
October 31, 2009
Would you like to take a daily drink that tastes good and is nature’s nutritional solution to better health starting right now. A drink that posses lots of nutrients, minerals and vitamins that you need. I discovered a drink that goes back 3000 years. It gave me protein, amino acids, and minerals that is concentrated in a daily dose.
One of the big problems of today is that we eat the wrong kind of foods. Many of us eat junk foods like pizza’s and other take-a-ways. Lots of the food that we eat does not give us all the nutrients and vitamins that we need to remain healthy.
E... (read more)
Author: william waters
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14. Sources of Vitamin A
October 29, 2009
There is no point in depending on any single food item for any specific vitamin or mineral requirement. Include all the different types of fruits, grains and nuts in your daily food. Vegetarians include an extra amount of pulses and green peas to ensure optimum protein supply. Include all the different items in your daily menu. It ensures your body gets all essential nutrients in the right amounts.
Vitamins and minerals are found in fruits, vegetables and other food items in abundance. Below are the natural sources of vitamins and minerals that are essential for the proper growth and deve... (read more)
Author: jerry james
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15. Natural Skin Care components with Collagen...
October 29, 2009
Collagen is one of the crucial components in maintaining the elasticity of the rind. Collagen is the principal protein of our connective tissue as easily as the almost plentiful protein in our system. Collagen plays an important character in providing the structural scaffolding surrounding cells that helps to back cubicle form and differentiation, related to how steel rods reinforce a concrete block. Elastic, too a protein in connective tissue that has elasticity, allowing many tissues in the system to restart their form after stretching or contracting. Elastic helps rind to loosen backwards i... (read more)
Author: jsolutions asfdd
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16. You Are What You Eat, Especially At the County Fair
October 29, 2009
If you don’t think the phrase “You are what you eat” is true, just go to the county fair. If you take a look around, you’ll quickly realize that most of the people don’t look so great. This might have something to do with the fact that everything at the county fair has been either deep-fried, dipped, soaked, and/or wrapped in grease, or coated entirely in sugar. In the most extreme cases, (at the Minnesota State Fair for instance) you can actually buy candy bars that are dipped in batter and deep-fried! Talk about a heart-attack on a stick.
The logical conclusion from this experiment is, ... (read more)
Author: Gerald Fitz
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17. Legal Muscle Building Supplements For Bodybuilders
October 29, 2009
If you're like most bodybuilders or powerlifters, you are constantly attempting to find an edge. When you notice an improved athlete in the gym, you immediately scan the exercise he is completing, looking for any variance in motion you can apply to your own coaching to gain an advantage. When you see a highly muscular man in the lunch line at work, certainly you scan his plate looking for an estimation of the types and total number of grams of protein and carbohydrate that he is consuming. Steroids are without any doubt the most effective way to get an advantage over your peers in the gym... (read more)
Author: Harold Bowman
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18. What is your daily protein requirement?
October 28, 2009
A body’s daily protein requirements can be established in two ways- through calculation of ideal body weight and by calculating the percentage of caloric intake. The ideal bodyweight of a person differs according to a person’s height and is different for both genders. According to data released by WHO (World Health Organization) and other institutions, the daily protein intake should be about 10-15% of the total caloric intake.To calculate the amount of daily protein intake through ideal body weight, you must first know how to calculate the ideal body weight. To calculate the ideal bodyweight ... (read more)
Author: Jason Ferruggia
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19. Five Reasons to Use Sytropin
October 28, 2009
Five Reasons to Use Sytropin
As the body ages, it gradually loses some of its power. It can't always do the things it used to. Yet, many people don't take this aging process for granted. They are actively turning back the clock, looking and feeling better than they have in years. Amazingly, they are enjoying the vitality and vigor of their youth.
What is their secret?
HGH is a complex protein containing 191 of the amino acids the body needs for optimal performance. The benefits of HGH are healthy skin and hair, a healthier heart, improved sleep, better memory, increased sexual ... (read more)
Author: Sudhani K
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20. Filamentous outgrowth of protein
October 28, 2009
Hair is a filamentous outgrowth of protein, found only on mammals. It projects from the epidermis, though it grows from hair follicles deep in the dermis. Your hair type has great natural body, but may look dull or unruly. To maximize your hair's potential, choose a layered hair style look (long or short) that cuts shape into curly hair. Normal Hair is shiny yet not greasy and fairly easy to manage. It flies about a little a day after the set but it soon settles down and looks good for about a week. Oily Hair looks good for a day or two after shampooing but then quickly becomes lifeless. Dry H... (read more)
Author: pratiksha vaity
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21. Micellar Casein: Aiding the Growth and Repair of Muscle Tissues
October 27, 2009
For people who are into weight training, Micellar casein forms an important part of their diet. It is milk protein concentrate containing casein and whey in the ratio 80:20. While casein forms 80 percent, whey constitutes the remaining 20 percent. Due to its nutritional values and ability to maintain steady amino acid boosting for several hours, this protein supplement comes as one of the most popular choice among athletes and bodybuilders. Unlike other protein supplements which are easily digested, this protein has longer amino acid boosting capabilities.For those people who hit the gym in th... (read more)
Author: Anirban Bhattacharya
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22. How does one check for Hersolution side effects, if any?
October 27, 2009
When we are young, we use our energy and vitality and deal with problems easily. The levels of HGH in the body begin to decline over a period, the body begins to slow down, and show visible results of aging, stiff limbs, etc. The protein in the body is not able to give the required boost. Hence, it is vital for women especially, who undergo several rapid changes in the body when they marry, have children and go through menopause, to ensure that they have the necessary vitamins and supplements to stave problems that occur with ph and hormonal imbalances.
Hersolution pills are supplemen... (read more)
Author: Jon Swinton
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23. Legal Muscle Building Supplements For Bodybuilding
October 27, 2009
If you're like most muscle builders or powerlifters, you are continually searching for an edge. When you notice a superior athlete in the gymnasium, you immediately scan the exercise he's completing, searching for any variance in motion you can apply to your own coaching to gain an advantage. When you see a highly muscular man in the lunch line at work, surely you scan his plate looking for an estimation of the types and total number of grams of protein and carbohydrate that he is consuming. And, if you are like most competitive trainers, you are often seeking advantages on the chemical sid... (read more)
Author: Ryan Patton
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24. Wedding Diet - The Zone Diet - What is it and Can it Help Me
October 27, 2009
The Zone Diet works on the principle that 100,000 years ago, we were meat eaters, and our metabolism is designed to handle the demands of a meat-based diet. Madonna, Demi Moore, and Jennifer Aniston swear by the results of the Zone Diet, which was created by Barry Sears, PhD. The Zone Diet contains 40% carbohydrate, 30% protein, and 30% fat and is known as the 40-30-30 plan. As the food industry evolved, more carbohydrates have been introduced into our daily diet, thus causing an imbalance in our metabolism to burn fat. The reason for our extra weight can also be attributed to the many grai... (read more)
Author: Tom Miller
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25. Wedding Diet - FREE Wedding Diet
October 27, 2009
Is your wedding coming up soon and you need to SHED a FEW POUNDS & GET LEANER?Want a wedding diet that will help you lose FAT FAST???Try this FAST WEDDING DIET****3 consecutive days eat a BUFF BRIDE MEAL every 3-4 hours.Wedding Diet Buff Bride Meal:" Lean Protein: egg whites, chicken breast, lean ground turkey, turkey breast, shrimp, scallops, tuna, any type of fish, low-fat cottage cheese." Starchy Carbohydrate: oatmeal, cream of wheat, grits, sweet potato, baked potato, garbanzo beans, kidney beans, lentils, quinoa, barley, bulgar, whole-wheat and spelt products." Fibrous Vegetable: asparagu... (read more)
Author: Tom Miller
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