Search Results - Protestant Reformation
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The Protestant Reformation was a Christian reform movement in Europe which is generally deemed to have begun with Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses in 1517 although a number of precursors such as Jan Hus predate that event. The Reformation is considered to have ended with the Peace of Westphalia in 1648; [1] however, many of the denominations that arose during that period continue to exist and Protestantism constitutes one of the branches of Christianity today. The movement began as an attempt to reform the Catholic Church. Many western Catholics were troubled by what they saw as false doctrines and malpractices within the church, particularly involving the teaching and sale of indulgences. Another major contention was the practice of buying and selling church positions (simony) and what was seen at the time as considerable corruption within the church's hierarchy. This corruption was seen by many at the time as systemic, even reaching the position of the Pope. Martin Luther's spiritual predecessors included men such as John Wycliffe and Johannes Hus, who had attempted to reform the church along similar lines. The Reformation is generally deemed to have begun on October 31, 1517, in Wittenberg, Saxony (in present-day Germany). There, Luther nailed his Ninety-Five Theses to the door of the All Saints' Church, which served as a notice board for university-related announcements.[1] These were points for debate that criticized the church and the Pope. The most controversial points centered on the practice of selling indulgences and the church's policy on purgatory. Other reformers, such as Ulrich Zwingli, soon followed. Beliefs and practices under attack by Protestant reformers included purgatory, particular judgment, devotion to Mary (Mariology), the intercession of and devotion to the saints, most of the sacraments, the mandatory celibacy requirement of its clergy (including monasticism), and the authority of the Pope. The reform movement soon split along certain doctrinal lines. Spiritual disagreements between Luther and Zwingli, and later between Luther and John Calvin, led to the emergence of rival Protestant churches. The most important denominations to emerge directly from the Reformation were the Lutherans, and the Reformed/Calvinists/Presbyterians. The process of reform had decidedly different causes and effects in other countries. In England, where it gave rise to Anglicanism, the period became known as the English Reformation. Subsequent Protestant denominations generally trace their roots back to the initial reforming movements. The reformers also accelerated the Catholic or Counter Reformation within the Catholic Church. The Protestant Reformation is also referred to as the German Reformation, Protestant Revolution or Protestant Revolt.
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Showing 1 to 6 of 6 Articles matching 'Protestant Reformation' in related articles. |
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1. Northern European painting of the 15th-16th centuries
October 16, 2009
The 15th and 16th centuries saw the rise of capitalism and a growing middle class, the creation of modern nation states, and the upheaval of the Protestant Reformation. For artists, an innovation of evenly far-reaching importance was the perfection of oil paints in the Low Countries, which allowed northern painters to depict the world with unprecedented precision.
At the end of the middle Ages, some of the liveliest centers of painting were in the Netherlands, also known as the Low Countries, an area comprising present-day Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg, and part of France. Artists here riv... (read more)
Author: Nisha Sabbik
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2. Two examples of Sacred Doors
October 05, 2009
While you are cleaning up the aftermath of Halloween, you may also like to know that yesterday was Reformation Day on the Protestant church calendar. It was on October 31, 1517, that the then-Roman Catholic priest, Martin Luther, nailed his Ninety-five Theses to the door of his church in Wittenberg, Germany, sparking a debate and a series of events that came to be known as the Protestant Reformation. On another door, in present-day, Bristol, Rhode Island, John Anderson, an award-winning wood sculptor, is making his mark on church history. Mr. Anderson's work is being created to adorn the doors... (read more)
Author: raj thakur
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3. Luther revolutionized the course of Christian theology
July 10, 2008
During 1517, Luther revolutionized the course of Christian theology when he nailed his 95 Theses on the church door at Wittenberg, accusing the Roman Catholic Church of continued heresy. Many historians believe this act as the primary starting point of the Protestant Reformation. But it cannot be denied that John Wycliffe, John Hus, Thomas Linacre, John Colet and few others had already had done enough for same cause of truth as Martin Luther. Luther's charges also directly challenged the position of the clergy in regard to individual salvation. In quickness of time, Luther’s 95 Theses of Cont... (read more)
Author: Monish mohan
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4. The Gift of Time
June 11, 2008
A diamond watch is a gift certain to make an impression – and the men who wear such luxury watches in the boardroom are certain to attract attention. The fact is that nothing proclaims high status and rank like mens diamond watches; if you don’t know exactly what kind of gift to give, consider a diamond watch.
A Great Tradition
The earliest mens watches were actually luxury watches worn only by the wealthy. These timepieces, which first became available around the time of the Protestant Reformation, were large and awkward by today’s standards, and were worn on a chain draped aroun... (read more)
Author: Jonathan Blocker
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5. The Changes Of The Wristwatch
November 13, 2007
The wristwatch has certainly passed the test of time. As early as 3500 BC, mankind has been obsessed with time keeping as way to make life more calculable and more productive. The wristwatch reflects evolutionary ingenuity at its finest, taking wrist watches from being women's jewelry to man's necessity.
In the height of Geneva's 1541 Protestant Reformation, Calvin banned many forms of entertainment, dancing, theater and wearing lavish jewelry. However, because portable clocks (aka the pocket watch) were needed for practical use, they were the one item that endured.
Jewelry makers s... (read more)
Author: Mike Selvon
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6. Re: Wanted: a Muslim Reformation
September 05, 2006
Wanted: a Muslim Reformation isn't recent but still reflects the attitudes of many, sad to say, which is why I felt it necessary to respond and set the record straight. Christianity has the Spanish Inquisition and the bloody excesses of the Crusades. The Roman Catholic Cult is not Christian and neither are its Protestant offspring. The Sabbath-keeping Church of God, established on Shavuot in Jerusalem, has never waged war against anybody and merely shares the plain truth and leaves it up to others to do with it as they choose. Plea to Diehard Catholics & Protestants to Repent ... (read more)
Author: David Ben-Ariel
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