Search Results - Thermodynamics
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In physics, thermodynamics (from the Greek ?e?µ?, therme, meaning " heat" [1] and d??aµ??, dynamis, meaning " power") is the study of the transformation of energy into different forms and its relation to macroscopic variables such as temperature, pressure, and volume. Its underpinnings, based upon statistical predictions of the collective motion of particles from their microscopic behavior, is the field of statistical thermodynamics, a branch of statistical mechanics. [2][3][4] Roughly, heat means "energy in transit" and dynamics relates to "movement"; thus, in essence thermodynamics studies the movement of energy and how energy instills movement. Historically, thermodynamics developed out of need to increase the efficiency of early steam engines. [5]The starting point for most thermodynamic considerations are the laws of thermodynamics, which postulate that energy can be exchanged between physical systems as heat or work.[6] They also postulate the existence of a quantity named entropy, which can be defined for any system.[7] In thermodynamics, interactions between large ensembles of objects are studied and categorized. Central to this are the concepts of system and surroundings. A system is composed of particles, whose average motions define its properties, which in turn are related to one another through equations of state. Properties can be combined to express internal energy and thermodynamic potentials, which are useful for determining conditions for equilibrium and spontaneous processes. With these tools, thermodynamics describes how systems respond to changes in their surroundings. This can be applied to a wide variety of topics in science and engineering, such as engines, phase transitions, chemical reactions, transport phenomena, and even black holes. The results of thermodynamics are essential for other fields of physics and for chemistry, chemical engineering, aerospace engineering, mechanical engineering, cell biology, biomedical engineering, materials science, and economics to name a few.[8][9] The history of thermodynamics as a scientific discipline generally begins with Otto von Guericke who in 1650 built and designed the world's first vacuum pump and created the world's first ever vacuum (known as the Magdeburg hemispheres). Guericke was driven to make a vacuum in order to disprove Aristotle's long-held supposition that 'nature abhors a vacuum'. Shortly after Guericke, the Irish physicist and chemist Robert Boyle had learned of Guericke's designs and in 1656, in coordination with English scientist Robert Hooke, built an air pump.[10] Using this pump, Boyle and Hooke noticed a correlation between pressure, temperature, and volume. In time, Boyle's Law was formulated, which states that pressure and volume are inversely proportional. Then, in 1679, based on these concepts, an associate of Boyle's named Denis Papin built a bone digester, which was a closed vessel with a tightly fitting lid that confined steam until a high pressure was generated.
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Showing 1 to 11 of 11 Articles matching 'Thermodynamics' in related articles. |
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1. New GHD Travel Hairdryer
September 29, 2008
GHD are known for producing the best hair straighteners on the market - and now they have carried their expertise through with their their new folding GHD travel hair dryer! This great little GHD set includes not only the superb soft-touch rubberised GHD travel dryer, but five top quality GHD Thermodynamics hair products and sectioning clips, all supplied in a clear travel-bag.
The dual-voltage 1000w GHD dryer can be used around the world making it ideal for taking with you on holiday, and with its concentrator nozzle styling is smoother and more controlled for better end results than any... (read more)
Author: Gianni Greco
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2. Dream for the Worlds Best House
August 31, 2008
There is a development in the construction industry in the direction of the using of spray foam insulation as contrasting to the conventional cellulose varieties or pink roll batt. With petroleum expenses increasing constantly, it is becoming more significant continually to identify and slot in this essential development for human comfort and in energy preservation.
The next rule of thermodynamics tells that heat will at all time flow in single direction only, and that it will all the time flow from tepid to wintry. That means to a house owner is that heat is at all times tries to run awa... (read more)
Author: Francis Adam
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3. Water Fueled Car - Increase Your MPG Massively Today
April 22, 2008
Researchers are trying hard to invent water fueled cars due to the high rise gas prices. People are still unaware of the fact that cars can be really run on water. To make the car run on water instead of gas, a hydrogen fuel cell should be invented. A hydrogen fuel cell is a product which will work on the laws of thermodynamics.
There are a large number of people who are actually working on this hydrogen fuel cell model. According to scientists, creation of this hydrogen fuel cell is impossible if we go by the first law of thermodynamics. But people are still trying hard to actually draw... (read more)
Author: Andreas Lee
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4. What is GHD Thermodynamics?
January 07, 2008
After looking at this title you may be wondering what thermodynamics has to do with GHD. Isn’t it? Read on to solve this mystery.
Hair Straightening - the GHD way In order to understand the specialties of GHD hair straightener, it is necessary to understand the features and the basic structure of human hair.
Whether your hair is curly, frizzy, or wavy depends entirely on the structure of your hair. Any hair straightener you choose should directly work upon the structure to give it a long time look along with luster. Most straighteners try to modify hair by sheer application of he... (read more)
Author: Editor 123
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5. GHD Thermodynamic Thermal Protector
December 28, 2007
What is GHD thermodynamics Thermal Protector? This is a special range of styling products that helps achieve beautifully styled straight hair quickly and effectively. These products are designed to offer you an eye catching impact to support, clean, and conditioning you hair apart from protecting the style for a long time.
Features of GHD thermodynamics Thermal Protector GHD thermodynamics thermal protector contains special ingredients to protect your hair from heat damage. It comprises of a heat-activated spray equipped with UV protectors. The thermal protector comes with a GHD thermo... (read more)
Author: Editor 123
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6. Systems, Progress, And The Second Law Of Thermodynamics
December 09, 2007
"…the Second Law of Thermodynamics -- perhaps the most pessimistic and amoral formulation in all human thought." – Greg Hill and Kerry Thornley, Principia Discordia (1965)Why can't fixes stay fixed!? How many times have you become angry (or depressed) because you – once again – need to fix the same problems in your company? I remember asking my staff to create a system for improving our collections because our past-due accounts were growing excessive. They came up with a very good plan. Thirty days later, I get a receivable report – no improvement! I call the person in charge to account fo... (read more)
Author: Steve Meisenheimer
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7. providing high-end engineering and software solutions
September 17, 2007
Mechanical engineering is an engineering discipline that involves the application of principles of physics for analysis, design, manufacturing, and maintenance of mechanical systems. It requires a solid understanding of key concepts including mechanics, kinematics, thermodynamics and energy. these principles using in the design and analysis of automobiles, aircraft, heating & cooling systems, manufacturing plants, industrial equipment and machinery, medical devices etc. AXIS-IT &T focused on engineering design and software development. In engineering design the company remains focused primaril... (read more)
Author: amit suneja
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8. The Importance Of Optimism!
October 18, 2006
In our last article, high achievers were simply defined as having a predisposition towards perpetual action. To begin and see through what they resolved to do, no matter what.
This leads one to ponder the reasons why so few act. What separates the doers from the rest of the pack? Extensive research points to the reasons why winners keep winning.
Winners think optimistically, no matter what!
There is this law, the First Law of Thermodynamics that we must understand. Put simply, the law states that everything in our Universe tends towards chaos.
... (read more)
Author: Dan Floros
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9. Negotiation and The Third Law of Thermodynamics
May 23, 2006
Let's play a little fun experiment. Get a friend to stand next to you and without warning, begin pushing against her. What do you expect her reaction to be? Of course! To maintain balance, she'll heave back. But don't stop there. Push harder, even harder. Observe how she returns exactly the same force (maybe she'll even throw in a slap if you push in the wrong place). What's the moral of the story? Every push merits a counter shove. Newton's third law of thermodynamics eloquently states the principle, "For every force is an equal and opposite force." In real life negotiations... (read more)
Author: Joseph Plazo
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10. Entropy: Enemy of Evolution?
March 19, 2006
Few scientists have considered or pondered the implications of the law of entropy upon the theory of evolution. And, as we shall see, entropy does occur in open systems such as the Earth. The theory of evolution teaches that matter tends to evolve towards greater and greater complexity and order. We are so accustomed to seeing evolution of technology all about us (new cars, boats, ships, inventions, etc.) that we assume that nature must work the same way also. Of course, we forget that all those new gadgets and technology had a human designer behind them. Nature, however, doesn't work the sa... (read more)
Author: Babu Ranganathan
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11. 30 Minutes That Could Save Your Dream
May 15, 2003
If you’ve got a dream you’re intent on pursuing, chances are you’re going to bog down at some point. That’s just the way dreams are. In fact, there’s a little known rule about this called the Second Rule of Thermodynamics, which states that sooner or later everything returns to chaos.
In other words, expect your dream to come crashing down around your ears periodically.
Yet, no need to despair; such meltdowns are actually good for your dream, because they force you to stop and rethink your approach if you want to continue. That’s the only way you can find the footing to continue, and in th... (read more)
Author: Suzanne Falter-Barns
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