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Search Results - Yugoslavia

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Yugoslavia (Croatian, Macedonian, Montenegrin, Serbian, Slovene Jugoslavija; Cyrillic script ???????????; literally in English "South Slavia" or "Land of the South Slavs") is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the Balkan Peninsula in Europe, during most of the 20th century.

The first country to be known by this name was the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, which before 3 October 1929 was known as the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. It was established on 1 December 1918 by the union of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs and the Kingdom of Serbia (to which the Kingdom of Montenegro was annexed on 13 November 1918, and the Conference of Ambassadors in Paris gave international recognition to the union on 13 July 1922[1]). The Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded by the Axis powers in 1941, and because of the events that followed, was officially abolished in 1943 and 1945.

The second country with this name was the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia, proclaimed in 1943 by the Yugoslav Partisans resistance movement in World War II. It was renamed to the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia in 1946, when a communist government was established. In 1963, it was renamed again to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY). This was the largest Yugoslav state, as Istria and Rijeka were added to the new Yugoslavia after the end of World War II. The constituent six Socialist Republics and two Socialist Autonomous Provinces that made up the country, were SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, SR Croatia, SR Macedonia, SR Montenegro, SR Slovenia and SR Serbia (including the autonomous provinces of SAP Vojvodina and SAP Kosovo which were also equal members of the federation). Starting in 1991, the SFRY disintegrated in the Yugoslav Wars which followed the secession of most of the country's constituent entities.

The last country to bear the name Yugoslavia was the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) established on March 27, 1992. It was a federation on the territory of the two remaining (non-secessionist) republics of Montenegro and Serbia (including the autonomous provinces of Vojvodina and Kosovo). On February 4, 2003, it was renamed to the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro, and officially abolished the name "Yugoslavia". On June 3 and June 5, 2006 respectively, Montenegro and Serbia declared independence, thereby ending the Yugoslav state. Kosovo declared independence in 2008. Its statehood is, however, still disputed.

Showing 1 to 25 of 45 Articles matching 'Yugoslavia' in related articles.
Pages: 1 | 2 | Next >>

1. Prosecutors Wrap Up Opening Statement Without Karadzic Present
November 02, 2009

Radovan Karadzic was originally scheduled to give his opening argument Monday at the Yugoslav war crimes trial in The Hague, but he continues to boycott his trial. So prosecutors picked up where they left off last week - detailing the case for genocide and other war crimes that have been brought against the former leader of the Bosnian Serb republic. Former Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic in court at the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, The Hague, 31 Jul 2008Monday's arguments focused mainly on the 1995 massacres at Srebrenica, a war-time atrocity that prose... (read more)

2. Karadzic Trial to Begin Monday
October 26, 2009

Former Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic - File PhotoMore than 14 years after being charged with war crimes, Radovan Karadzic is expected to stand trial on Monday in The Hague.  The former Bosnian Serb leader faces 11 counts of war crimes, including genocide, for leading the Bosnian war that is estimated to have left more than 100,000 people dead during the early-to-mid-1990s and saw Europe's only genocide since the Holocaust.  Radovan Karadzic says he will not attend the opening day of his trial because he needs more time to prepare his defense.  Karadzic has chosen to repre... (read more)

3. Serbia Pledges Cooperation Before Karadzic Trial
October 25, 2009

A stand-off is expected Monday between former Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic and the U.N. court in The Netherlands as the war crimes suspect says he will boycott the start of the long-awaited trial. Serbia's Foreign Minister, Vuk Jeremic, has told VOA News his country will do "its utmost" to cooperate with the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.  Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic is seen in the courtroom, in the Hague, Netherlands (File) The U.N. Tribunal in The Hague wants Radovan Karadzic to face 11 charges Monday, including involvement in Europe's worst... (read more)

4. What to Expect from Danube River Cruises
September 24, 2009

Whereas ocean cruises offer great views of the sea, Danube river cruises offer a completely different perspective. The river passes through many countries including Hungary, Romania, Yugoslavia, Austria and Germany. You can experience the inland territories over a stretch of over 2,000 miles. Western Europe cruises such as these are the best way to see some wonderful landscapes and breathtaking scenery that no ocean cruise can give you. River cruises have a particular advantage over ocean cruises in that you get to see more of the countries passing by your window and less scenes of endl... (read more)

Author: Klik Sail

5. the legal basis for assessing Operation Cast Lead
September 24, 2009

The applicable legal framework for assessing the recent operations in Gaza is the "Law of Armed Conflict," also known as "International Humanitarian Law." The conflict between Israel and Hamas in Gaza meets the definition of an "armed conflict" in the decision of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia ("ICTY"). Hamas is a highly organized and well-armed group that uses armed force against Israel and, indeed, considers such armed struggle to be its primary mission. The actions of Hamas must also be measured against accepted principles and applicable rules of international... (read more)

Author: michal moreno

6. Pula City Travel Guide
May 19, 2009

Pula (Pola in Italian) is a nice town at the tip of the Istrian peninsula, Croatia. Once a predominantly Italian city, Pula was occupied by Yugoslavia in 1945 and formally annexed in 1947. At that time those Italians who had not already moved to Italy went into exile. Today there still is an Italian minority and many locals speak Italian. Most tourists visit in the summer months, with most tourist trips and restaurants closing between October and May. The city lies on and beneath seven hills on the inner part of a wide gulf and a naturally well-protected port (depth up to 38 m (125 ft)) o... (read more)

Author: max gates

7. International Justice Experts Call for War Crimes Inquiry of Israel
March 16, 2009

A group of prominent international war crimes experts is calling for an inquiry into the behavior of Israeli forces and Palestinian armed groups during the Jewish state's recent offensive in Gaza. The group signing the open letter to U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon and the U.N. Security Council includes Nobel Laureate Archbishop Desmond Tutu and Richard Goldstone, a former chief prosecutor in Yugoslavia and Rwanda. Palestinian woman walks past house destroyed during Israeli offensive in Jabalia in northern Gaza Strip, 15 Feb 2009 The letter urges the establishment of a U.N. commission to l... (read more)

8. Former Bosnian Leader Karadzic Rejects Genocide Charges
March 03, 2009

Radovan Karadzic at Hague tribunal, 3 Mar 2009Former Bosnian-Serb leader Radovan Karadzic has refused to enter a plea to an amended indictment of genocide and crimes against humanity. The legal wrangling took place at the U.N. International Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia in The Hague, where a judge entered a plea of "not guilty" for the defendant. A tense legal procedure began Tuesday at the U.N. Tribunal in The Hague, involving one of the world's most wanted war crimes suspects. Former Bosnian-Serb president Radovan Karadzic has been accused of atrocities during the conflict in Bosnia-Her... (read more)

9. A critical Analysis of a Painting
March 02, 2009

Now resident in France Tadeus Jaroszynski work has always been pitched somewhere within his European roots and his years spent in South Africa. Born in Yugoslavia to Polish Finnish parents; Jaroszynski received his training as an artist in Helsinki where he also met his wife Karin. They subsequently relocated to South Africa in the late 1950’s, where they carved out a unique artist’s niche for themselves. Flooded with a gentle melancholia and nostalgia that is associated with the artists Eastern European past, and a quality of light, color and form that is reminiscent of the Northern Euro... (read more)

Author: Tom Feinberg

10. UN Tribunal Acquits Milutinovic of War Crimes, Jails 5 Others
February 27, 2009

Milan Milutinovic entering the courtroom of the U.N. war crimes tribunal (2003 File Photo)The United Nations war crimes court for the former Yugoslavia has acquitted a former Serbian president of atrocities committed in Kosovo but jailed five others on Thursday. It was the court's first ruling on Serbian crimes committed during the Kosovo war a decade ago.The Hague-based tribunal acquitted Serbian ex-president Milan Milutinovic of war crimes during the 1998-to-1999 Kosovo war and ordered him released from custody. The court said he had no role in driving ethnic Albanians out of Kosovo. But the... (read more)

11. Acquitted War Crimes Suspect Radic Demands Compensation
February 18, 2009

A former Yugoslav army captain acquitted of war crimes by a United Nations tribunal is demanding compensation.From left: Capt. Miroslav Radic, Col. Veselin Sljivancanin, and Gen. Mile Mrksic, in The Hague (file)Miroslav Radic is seeking nearly $700,000 from Serbia for his more than four-and-a-half years of detention. He made his demands in a Belgrade municipal courtroom Wednesday, at the start of a hearing on his claim.  Radic was acquitted two years ago in The Hague of responsibility for the 1991 killings of about 200 Croat prisoners of war. Serbian officials say the country should not ... (read more)

12. War Crimes Tribunal Suspends Serb Nationalist Trial
February 11, 2009

A man walks past posters of Vojislav Seselj (R) the founder of the ultra-nationalist Serbian Radical Party, (2008 file photo) Judges at the war crimes tribunal for the former Yugoslavia have suspended the trial of ultranationalist Serb leader Vojislav Seselj.A tribunal statement from The Hague says the judges decided that under present circumstances, it would not be possible to guarantee the security of the 10 remaining witnesses.  They said this in turn could threaten the trial's integrity.  The judges said the witnesses have important testimony to give, but that this must be done u... (read more)

13. Top 5 Croatian Islands
February 10, 2009

Croatia offers beside wonderful, historical cities like Dubrovnik , Split, Zadar, Rovinj or Zagreb, thousand islands, islets and reefs, of which 66 are inhabited. So you can find everything you need for a perfect holiday from nudist beaches to windsurfing, organic wines to all-night dance parties, amazing nature and history. Here are the TOP 5 of croatian islands: 1. Vis: best for local food and wine In Yugoslavia Vis was closed to outsiders until 1989 because the entire island was turned into a large military fort. But it was this isolation which placed Vis among the favorite desti... (read more)

Author: Anita Barbaric

14. Castilian; the official language of Spain
February 04, 2009

Many when asked will say that the language of Spain is Spanish though this in fact is not the case. This being that saying that Spanish is the language of Spain would have been like saying that the language of Yugoslavia was Yugoslavian. Yes, the people of Yugoslavia could have been addressed as such but not there language for the name of their language was Servo-Croat. This being the case since there was no such language which could be called “Yugoslavian”. Spain much like Yugoslavia or the ex Soviet Union or the country that used to be called Czechoslovakia has more then one language, ... (read more)

Author: Daniel Major

15. EU Anxiously Watching Kosovo Move to Independence
January 28, 2008

The breakup of the former Yugoslavia involved a decade of war, suffering and ethnic conflict, on the fringes of modern Europe. Now the final act is being played out, as the mostly Albanian province of Kosovo threatens to declare independence from Serbia, breaking up the final rump of the old Yugoslavia. As so often before, the threatened breakup is dividing the international community: setting the United States and much of the West against the Serbs and Russia - while an anxious Europe watches and tries to maintain unity. From Brussels, Nina-Maria Potts reports Europe is trying to maintain a u... (read more)

16. UN War Crimes Prosecutor Demands Serbia's Cooperation in Bringing Suspects to Justice
December 10, 2007

Outgoing U.N. war crimes prosecutor for the former Yugoslavia Carla del Ponte has criticized Serbia for failing to bring the two top suspects to justice, and called on the European Union to deny membership to Belgrade until it complies. In her final appearance before the U.N. Security Council as chief war crimes prosecutor, del Ponte Monday urged the EU to make the arrest and handover of Bosnian Serb fugitives Ratko Mladic and Radovan Karadzic a condition for Serbia's accession to the bloc. The chief prosecutor called it a "stain" on the international tribunal's work that two individuals in... (read more)

17. Retrial of Croatian War Crimes Suspect Opens in Osijek
October 09, 2007

The retrial of a former Croatian police officer convicted in the 1991 murder of three police officials has opened in Croatia's eastern city of Osijek. Anton Gudelj pleaded not guilty to charges of killing police chief Josip Reihl-Kir and two Croatian Serbs in July 1991. All three victims were known for their efforts to ease ethnic tensions in the Osijek area during fighting that broke out after Croatia declared independence from the former Yugoslavia. Gudelj fled abroad, and a Croatian court sentenced him to 20 years in prison in absentia in 1994. German authorities returned him to Croatia t... (read more)

18. Clinton Administration/NATO and Kosovo
July 01, 2007

On March 24, 1999, NATO started operation that was aimed against Yugoslavia (Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) that was called Operation Allied Force. It resulted to be very controversial and some even called it "most serious U.S. foreign policy blunder since Vietnam". Clinton tried to explain to the public that the campaign was launched to prevent a "an even crueler and costlier and wider war in Europe" (so-called domino effect) and damage Serbian’s military forces in order to stop harming Kosovo’s people. Although, throughout the operation there were quite a few amendments to the initial set ... (read more)

Author: Jeff Stats

19. Ljubljana Property - Slovenia An Investment For Long Term Capital Growth
June 30, 2007

Slovenia was recently names one of the top ten destinations for property investment in the world. This has led to an influx of foreign buyers, with many buying in the capital Ljubljana. Ljubljana offers a great investment opportunity for those seeking solid long term capital gains and low risk. Let’s take a look first at why Slovenia as a country has become so popular with foreign investors. Advantages of Investing in Slovenia Slovenia was formerly part of Yugoslavia and is bordered by Austria, Italy, Hungary and Croatia. Slovenia is a small country about half the size of Switze... (read more)

Author: sacha tarkovsky

20. UN Prosecutor Urges Delay on Kosovo's Future Status
June 19, 2007

U.N. war crimes prosecutor Carla del Ponte is urging the Security Council to put off deciding the future of Kosovo until top Balkans war crimes suspects are in custody. From U.N. headquarters, VOA's Peter Heinlein reports the prosecutor noted increasing Serbian cooperation with efforts to bring top fugitives to The Hague for trial. Chief Yugoslavia war crimes prosecutor Carla del Ponte says the failure to arrest former Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic and military commander Ratko Mladic is a permanent stain on the court's work. Both men were indicted 11 years ago for genocide and war cri... (read more)

21. Leader of Croatian Serbs Sentenced to 35 Years Imprisonment
June 12, 2007

A former Croatian Serb rebel leader has been sentenced to 35 years in prison for the murder, torture and persecution of non-Serbs in Croatia, in the early 1990s. Milan Martic was a leader of the ethnic Serbs in the Krajina region of Croatia, as they set up their own republic during the breakup of the former Yugoslavia. He was the first Krajina leader to stand trial at the Hague-based War Crimes Tribunal. Lauren Comiteau has been following the verdict and files this report from Amsterdam. Milan Martic stood calmly and without emotion as Judge Bakone Moloto handed down his sentence. "The trial... (read more)

22. Genealogy: Finding Relatives in other countries,
April 27, 2007

Some years ago I found out that my grandfather came from Croatia, former Yugoslavia. I knew that some of his relatives lived there, but no address, no phone, and no e-mail, just information that Komiza was the place where he was born and lived when he was a young boy. The main problem was the language, since I don’t speak Croatian I began to look for help on the internet, and finally I found a forum with some great ideas to find my relatives. I left a note in this forum asking for help, expecting for someone to answer. Also, I left some information about my last name and information ab... (read more)

Author: Jorge Leano

23. Musician Embraces Ancient Musical Roots
March 27, 2007

The Library of Congress in Washington, D.C. held a concert this week to help revive traditional Sephardic music from the former Yugoslavia. For producer Valer Gergely, VOA's Jim Bertel has more on the performance.  Flory Jagoda comes from a centuries-old tradition with roots in the Iberian Peninsula. Her family was one of many Sephardic Jewish families forced to flee Spain and Portugal in the 14th and 15th centuries. Today, she is the sole survivor. Sephardic Jews took refuge in North Africa and in parts of Europe, with the largest concentration finding safe haven in the Mediterranean r... (read more)

24. Experts: Little Progress Towards National Unity Likely to Result from Bosnian Elections October 1
September 01, 2006

The divided country of Bosnia-Herzegovina, part of the former Yugoslavia, on October 1 will have its first parliamentary and presidential election in four years. Analysts are not optimistic that the vote will hasten moves towards national unity and ethnic reconciliation. Nationalist sentiment is on the rise in Bosnia as parties linked to three often feuding ethnic groups campaign for votes. Bruce Hitchner, a Tufts University professor involved in promoting ethnic cooperation, describes the campaign as ugly but not surprising. Bosnian Muslims, the largest ethnic group, are increasingly vocal i... (read more)

25. Australia Rejects Appeal by Serbian War-Crimes Defendant
June 15, 2006

A Serbian man accused of war crimes has lost a court challenge to block his extradition from Australia to Croatia. Dragan Vasiljkovic had argued before Australia's High Court that he was detained illegally in January and should be released, because Australia and Croatia do not have an extradition treaty. He is accused of involvement in the torture and killing of Croatian civilians and prisoners of war in the early 1990s, during the breakup of the former Yugoslavia. Vasiljkovic, also known as "Captain Dragan", says he led rebel Serb paramilitary units during the conflict in Croatia, but denie... (read more)

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