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The effects of social status on wound healing, death and disease by 123wert sdfsf
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The effects of social status on wound healing, death and disease |
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Business,Business News,Business Opportunities
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Turns out it's not bad being top dog, or in this case, top baboon. A new study by University of Notre Dame biologist Beth Archie andcolleagues from Princeton University and Duke University finds thathigh-ranking male baboons recover more quickly from injuries andare less likely to become ill than other males. Archie, Jeanne Altman of Princeton and Susan Alberts of Dukeexamined health records from the Amboseli Baboon Research Projectin Kenya. They found that high rank is associated with faster woundhealing.
The finding is somewhat surprising, given that top-rankedmales also experience high stress , which should suppress immune responses. They also found thatsocial status is a better predictor of wound healing than age. "In humans and animals, it has always been a big debate whether thestress of being on top is better or worse than the stress of beingon the bottom," Archie, lead researcher on the study, said. "Ourresults suggest that, while animals in both positions experiencestress, several factors that go along with high rank might serve toprotect males from the negative effects of stress." "The power of this study is in identifying the biologicalmechanisms that may confer health benefits to high-ranking membersof society," George Gilchrist, program director in the NationalScience Foundation (NSF)'s Division of Biology, which funded theresearch.
"We know that humans have such benefits, but it tookmeticulous long-term research on baboon society to tease out thespecific mechanisms. The question remains of causation: is one asociety leader because of stronger immune function or vice versa?" The researchers examined 27 years of data on naturally occurringillness and injuries in wild male baboons, which is a notably largedata set. Although research in health and disease in animals inlaboratory settings has been quite extensive, this study is one ofmost comprehensive ever conducted on animals in a natural setting. The research team investigated how differences in age, physicalcondition, stress, reproductive effort and testosterone levelscontribute to status-related differences in immune functions.Previous research found that high testosterone levels and intensereproductive efforts can suppress immune function and are highestamong high-ranking males.
However, Archie and her colleagues found that high-ranking maleswere less likely to become ill and recovered faster from injuriesand illnesses than low-ranking males. The authors suggest thatchronic stress, old age and poor physical condition associated withlow rank may suppress immune function in low-ranking males. "The complex interplay among social context, physiology and immunesystem-mediated health costs and benefits illustrates the power ofinterdisciplinary research," Carolyn Ehardt, NSF program directorfor biological anthropology, which co-funded the research. "Thisresearch begins to tease apart the trade-offs in both high and lowstatus in primates, including ourselves, which may lead tounderstanding the effects of social status on death and disease -not inconsequential for society as a whole." Additional References Citations. I am Other Kitchenware writer, reports some information about garfield plush toys , nemo plush toys.
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