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Abstract. A cursory examination of the topic evidently indicate that there is no better time to dwell on the security challenges we are facing today given the international security challenges confronting Nigeria presently, security is an encompassing phenomenon that is paramount to individuals, entities, communities and even nation. Security has to do with self preservation which is the first law of existence. Security implies a stable, relatively predicable environment in which an individual or group may pursue its ends or objectives without disruption, harm, danger and without fear of disturbance or injury. In the grand strategy for national security, sustainable entrepreneurship was defined as a tool which assists in the reduction of high unemployment rate in the nation through creation of jobs for individuals. Unemployment is one and major socio-security challenges that Successive governments over the years have identified and acknowledged. This paper thereby suggested that Entrepreneurship sector must be recognized as a major tool for sustainable growth and development and must be accorded due regard and priority. Keywords: entrepreneurship, national security, sustainable, challenges INTRODUCTION National Security according to Eke (2013) can be describe as the aggregation of the security interest of the individuals, political entities, human associations and ethnics groups which make up the nation. The security interest includes safety of life and property, economic, physiological, metal well- being and the freedom to pursue the attainment of legitimate objectives without hindrance. National security can therefore be simplified to entail all that the state and citizens do, from individual to institutional level, to ensure the security of lives and property. Unemployment is one socio-security challenge that successive government over the year have identified and acknowledge. Unfortunately, government effort appears not to bemaking the desired positive impact. The engagement of these unemployed into criminality is a matter of concern for the government in Nigeria on many occasions many youths have been used as thugs during political campaign and in time of crisis. One major challenge to cube in security in Nigeria is the introduction of entrepreneurship education in our school system. The term entrepreneurship was derived from two French word ‘’entire’’ means to enter or between, while ‘’prendre’’ means to take. Arising from these, entrepreneurship entails the assumption of risk. Therefore entrepreneurship is the willingness and the ability of an individual to seek out an investment opportunity, establish an enterprise and run it successfully. Nwaokolo (2003) defined entrepreneurship as the ability to set up and effectively manage an enterprise as different from being employed in paid employment it involve the acquisition of knowledge, skill, ideas, and managerial abilities necessary for personal self sufficiency and self reliance. The present trend in Nigeria where many youth as well as graduates are seen roaming the streets because they could not get government employment. Calls for urgent implementation of sustainable entrepreneurship training in the country so as to ensure or reduce the level of insecurity in the nation. Entrepreneurial education entails those group of people ready to face any challenges and competition in all sphere of life and thereby making some significant contribution to job creation and ultimately to poverty alleviation. Concept of entrepreneurship Okpara (2009) describe entrepreneurship as the capitalist individual who recognizes money making opportunity and set up a business to exploit it. Duru (2006) see entrepreneurship as specialized training given to technical and vocational students to acquire skills, ideas and management abilities necessary for self reliance. The entrepreneur according to Osuala (2004) is a person who make profit out of lot self established trade or business, who co-ordinates factors of production and bears the reset of uncertainty by investing scarce resources on trade and business ventures. The aim of entrepreneurship education was listed by Okeke (2009) as:- 1. Providing meaningful training for youths to make them self reliant and subsequently encourage them to derive profit and be self independent. 2. Providing youths with training and support necessary to help them establish a career in small and medium size business. 3. Providing youths with training skill that will make them meet the man power needs of the society. 4. Providing youth with enough training in risk management. 5. Making uncertainty bearing possible and easy. 6. Providing youths with enough training that will make them creative and innovation in identifying new business opportunities. In summary Entrepreneurship education seek to provide students / youths with the knowledge, skill, and motivation to encourage entrepreneurial success in a variety of settings. Variations of entrepreneurship education are offered at all levels of schooling from primary or secondary schools through graduate university programs. The resent of their training process will see that graduate when they leave the universities will be those they equipped with a different set of values, qualities and outlook all summed up into what is collectively known as the entrepreneurial attributes. Concept of national security In all academic circles, no definition is ever all embracing and perfect. Eke (2013) see security broadly as absence of insecurity as a result of action of law enforcement agencies. More appropriately it was understood to be the job of the defense force on the national frontiers and of the police inside the country. This perception sums up security to equal a system of law and or determinance. He narrated further that the dynamic of our society have since altered that configuration of security to now include consideration for societal generated crises such as riots, demonstration secret cult- related criminal acts, terrorism drug- trafficking, intra and interethnic strife, religious intolerance, advance fee fraud, anti-government campaigns armed robberies, hijacks and a host of other that threaten lives and property and indeed the peace and tranquility in the society. Given the foregoing scenario, security can be said to be a state of being or existence that is free from danger, fear, threat, anxiety and uncertainty. Security embraces the establishment of proactive and defensive measures to safeguard all persons materials and information from every form of danger. A nation with an insecure environment is doomed to distractions and possible disintegration. It is only imperative, therefore, that Nigeria enhances her security and intelligence organization to contain he myriad of challenges and threat facing her (Daduki 2013). No nation is free of security challenges. These challenges vary from one country to the other. Thus, Nigeria security challenges are terrorism, Maritime security, Niger Delta militancy, kidnapping, illegal bunkering, pipeline Vandalization, armed robbery, climate change, porous borders and above all youths unemployment (Eke 2013). Role of Entrepreneurs in National Security Many people have cried out against the rate of unemployment in the country. Okoro (2004) noted that unemployment has for some time now been the major evil that bedeviled the nation. He observed that the unemployment problem affect both professional and non-professional graduates. Oranu (2002) confirmed that employment opportunities are increasingly becoming slimmer and more difficult to come by nowadays. He therefore suggested that our educational system should be geared towards providing self- employment and self- reliance skills for graduates of this system. According to Banjoko (2009), manufacturing which is a sector of entrepreneurship is essentially a unique process for relating and expanding wealth as it provides the platform for growth and without which no country can achieve socio- economic development. Thus national growth and economic development is dependent on the rate at which increased wealth is created and expanded in the economic Entrepreneurs through the service and products they offer, raise the standard of nation. Entrepreneurship assists in the reduction of high unemployment rate in the country through creation of jobs. The aftermath of job creation is reduction in national security caused as a result of government enable to provide every body with jobs. Furthermore, this creation of jobs in the nation will also reduce social ills in the creating balanced budget for the economy (Sunday 2009). Entrepreneurship also provides convenience in goods and service for people of the nation. For instance, there are some products and services that big multi -national companies can not conveniently provides at a very low cost to the economy, but which small business entrepreneurs can provide conveniently and cheaply to nation (Sunday 2009). Entrepreneurship also help in national security through wealth creation, which invariably leads to higher Gross Domestic Products (GDP) some Nigerians entrepreneurship posses knowledge and skill to produce new saleable products or design new service, some even have the skill, knowledge to improve products and service and also add \substantial value to people and national economy. As small business entrepreneurship is concerned with business innovation and exploitation of business opportunities in addition to the starting, effective running of business by individuals. Osuala (2004) outlined benefit of small and medium industries to the economy as follows:- 1. Stimulation of indigenous entrepreneur 2. Greater employment creation per of capital 3. Development of local technology 4. Developing of regional economic balance through. 5. Moderation of rural migration 6. Promotion of effective resource utilization 7. Provision of good value chain for poverty alleviation 8. Mobilization and utilization of domestic saving and production of primary and intermediate product. He therefore concluded that for any nation to be reckoned with in community of nations economically, there is an urgent need to encourage sustainable entrepreneurship in small business enterprises. This will reduce unemployment rate, create jobs, social unrest, government expenditure, raise productivity level of the economy, and raise the standard of living of people as a way to overcome many of the security challenges in the nation. Conclusion The police are fundamental in fulfilling government’s primary obligation of catering for the security and welfare of the people. The police can be defined as an official organization whose job is to make people obey the law and to present and solve crime. Sustainable entrepreneurship will assist in the reduction of high unemployment rate in Nigeria through creation jobs opportunities for all. Thereby reduce rate of crime been committed by our youths. Recommendation The way to overcome many of the security challenges in the country is for Nigeria to re-double its efforts at nation-building, take a hard look at the major root causes of the problem i.e. unemployment in order to find lasting solutions to it, I will at this point briefly highlight some mitigable measures Nigeria may adopt to alleviate the efforts of the security challenges we are currently facing. 1. Entrepreneurship sector must be recognized as a major tool for sustainable growth and development and must be accorded due regard and priority. 2. Entrepreneurship in vocational/ Technical education should be made compulsion in all levels of education system. This is to enable our young people entrepreneurial minds early enough. 3. the level of Nigeria infrastructure needs to improve significantly above what it is at present, so also, the quality of education, health services, housing, road and rail transportation. 4. job creation is the solution to youth unemployment. For government to really achieve an enviable level of job creation, it is necessary to provide the enabling environment and infrastructure, such as stable electricity, good roads and schools among others. 5. government should create conducive environment for business enterprises by promoting our local made goods in a way that it will be economical for people to patronize. References Banjoko S. A. (2009): The Nigeria Manufacturing Sector: Bumpy past and shaky future, what options for survival? Lagos. University of Lagos Press. Dasuki S. (2003): National Security and Way Out Text of the speech delivered: at the 3rd seminar held at National Defence, College, Abuja. Alumni of the Institution Abuja. Duru D.D. (2013) “The role of entrepreneurship education in achieving the objective of Technical education in Nigeria”. A paper presented at 1st annual/national conference of the Association of Nigeria Teachers Held at Nwafor Orizu College of Education Nsugbe. Ike E. (2013): the Nigerian police and national security.A public lecture delivered at Nnamid Azikiwe University, Akwa. Nwokolo, P.O.E. (2003): related thought in Vocational Education: The Developing World Experience Onisha: Stan Nigeria Company Publishers. Obijole, E.F. (2005): Vocational Technical Education and Entrepreneurship for the Development of Nigerian Economy. Journal of contemporary issue: college of Education Academic Staff Union (COEASU). Okeke E.N. (2009) The Global Economic Crises. A Challenges to the entrepreneurship Development in TUT. Journal of Nigeria Association of Teachers of Technology (NATT), Annual National Conference Bauchi. Okpara, A. (2009), Entrepreneurship: A tool for sustainable Education, New Nigeria. Okoro, O.M. (2004): Principle and Method of Vocational/Technical Education, Nsukka University Trust Publication. Osuala, E.C (2004): Principle and practices of small business management in Nigeria. Enugu Cheslon Agency LTD. Osuala, E.C (2004): Principles and Method of business and computer Education. Enugu Cheslon Agency LTD. Sunday O. (2009): the role of entrepreneurship in the Global Economy meltdown in a Developing Nation. Journal of Nigerian Association of Teacher of Technology (NATT), 22nd Annual National Conference Bauchi
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