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Picture Archiving and Communication Systems are used to view, scan and store images from instruments like ultrasound sonograms, which are used to produce an image of a child growing within its mother's womb, endoscopes, which medical practitioners use to look inside the human body, and x-ray machines, which radiography departments across the country use to view the human skeleton. This imaging software is integrated into a hospital's existing information system and stores images that would otherwise be kept on film. The lack of film means that the images are quicker to retrieve because they can be accessed through software rather than a filing system in an archive room. They are cheaper to distribute, as they can be sent electronically, and they are cheaper to display, because they can be viewed on a computer monitor. They are also cheaper to store and more accurate than film. Sending the images electronically is cheaper and quicker than sending film and means that images aren't misplaced whilst in transit. Another advantage over conventional film based images, is that multiple doctors can view the image at the same time and in different locations across the hospital, or across the country. This makes a diagnose far more accurate and a lot quicker than before. Modern Picture Archiving and Communication Systems utilize integrated 3D rendering tools to display the images. They are designed to cope with variations in the hospital's network quality and are modular and scalable, so they can be integrated into the hospital's existing system without alterations being made to it. Depending on the needs of the hospital, they are either integrated through mass-storage servers or available through stand-alone workstations and entirely web-based. The cost of the system is also flexible, so it can meet most budgets. Payment methods include direct purchase, rental or pay-per-study.
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