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Why fiber optic cables are more popular in the communication field? Fiber optic cable is one of the fastest - growing transmission mediums for both new cabling installations and upgreads, including backbone, horizontal, and even desktop applications. There are several advantages of fiber optic cable as below: Greater bandwidth Fiber provides far greater bandwidth than copper and has standardized performance up to 10 Gbps. While not currently a standard, these speeds could become a reality in future proposals and ratifications. Keep in mind that fiber speeds are dependent on the type of cable and used. Single mode fiber optic cable offers far greater distance than either 62.5 or 50 micron multimode cable. In addition, fiber optic cable can carry more information with greater fidelity than copper cable. Security Fiber optic cables offer more secure communications because they are highly resistant to tapping, radio frequency interference and jamming. Low attenuation Fiber optic experience very little data loss, even over long distances, because light travels through the fiber without experiencing attenuation or loss of intensity over time. Immunity and reliability Fiber optics provide extremely reliable data transmission. It’s completely immune to many environmental factors that affect copper cable. The core is made of glass, which is an insulator, so no electric current can flow through. It’s immune to electrometric interference and radio-frequency interference (EM/RFI), crosstalk, impedance problems, and more. You can run fiber cable next to industrial equipment without worry. Fiber is also less susceptible to temperature fluctuations than copper and can be submerged in water. Migration The proliferation and lower costs of media converters are making copper to fiber migration much easier. The converters provide seamless links enable the use of existing hardware. Fiber can be incorporated into network in planned upgrades. No Electrical Interference Because different cables do not interact or pick up environmental noise, fiber optic cables are not affected by electrical interference. This makes them particularly valuable in locations where high voltage or lightening is often present. Also, optical cables do not require electricity and therefore do not pose a fire hazard. Design Fiber is lightweight, thin, and more durable than copper cable. Plus, fiber optic cable has pulling specifications that are up to 10 times greater than copper cable’s. Its small size makes it easier to handle, and it takes up much less space in cabling ducts. Although fiber is still more difficult to terminate than copper, advancements in connectors are making termination easier. In addition, fiber is actually easier to test than copper cable. Space saver A single fiber optic cable can carry significantly more data than a single electrical cable, which saves space within a building or other small space. Standards TIA/EIA-785, ratified in 2001, provides a cost-effective migration path from 10-Mbps Ethernet to 100-Mbps Fast Ethernet over fiber (100BASE-SX). An addendum to the standard eliminates limitations in transceiver designs. In addition, in June 2002, the IEEE approved a 10-Gigabit Ethernet (10-GbE) standard. There are so many advantages of fiber optic cable, but it also have disadvantages, the disadvantages of optical fiber cables are cost, vulnerability, and electricity. Installation of a fiber optic system comes as a very large investment that is slow to make any sort of returns. The cables themselves, transmitters, and receivers are all very expensive to purchase and to operate. The optical cables are made of glass, which means they are prone to burnout when too much optical power is used. This can destroy several miles of cable at one time. they also cannot transmit electricity, only data.
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