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All About Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Diane Castillo
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All About Inflammatory Bowel Disease |
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Health
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It is sometimes referred to as idiopathic because the cause of the disease is still unknown. Inflammatory Bowel Disease is a group of chronic diseases causing inflammatory conditions to all parts of the digestive tract. These diseases are considered autoimmune diseases wherein the body's own immune system attacks elements of the digestive system. The two most famous inflammatory diseases are: Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation to any part of the gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus, along its lining, and often spreads deep into the involved tissues; Ulcerative colitis is a type of inflammatory disease that causes a long-lasting inflammation to the colon which is characterized by ulcers or open sores. The main difference between Crohn's disease and Ulcerative colitis is the location and nature of the inflammatory changes. Crohn's disease affects any part of the gastrointestinal tract, from mouth to anus, although majority of the cases start in the terminal ileum. Ulcerative colitis, in contrast, is restricted to the colon and the rectum. Microscopically, ulcerative colitis is restricted to the mucosa, while Crohn's disease affects the entire bowel wall. Although, symptoms may still vary from patient to patient because inflammatory bowel disease may affect various parts of the GI tract.Both diseases may present the following common symptoms: abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and cramps. In Crohn's disease, patients may experience vomiting and nausea indicating the beginning of small bowel obstruction due to intestinal stenosis. Perianal discomfort may also be prominent, itchiness or pain around the anus, and anal fissure may be present. In rare cases, the esophagus and the stomach may be affected causing difficulty of swallowing and upper abdominal pain. In Ulcerative Colitis disease, may present diarrhea mixed with blood and mucus, and weight loss. In chronic loss of blood from the, anaemia becomes the most prevalent complication of inflammatory bowel disease. Treatment for inflammatory bowel diseases is usually started by administering anti-inflammatory drugs such as prednisone. If infections are present, antibiotic therapy is necessary. Parenteral iron is also an option in cases of Anemia. Depending on the severity of cases surgery such as bowel resection, strictureplasty or a temporary or permanent colostomy or ileostomy may be required.
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