|
A new study has revealed that the overall cancer risk is two times higher for individuals who have undergonetransplantation for a solid organ, such as liver, heart, lung orkidney, compared to the risk of the general public. In addition,those who have received a transplant have an increased risk forseveral different types of cancer. The study, carried out byresearchers from the National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Md, ispublished in the November 2 issue of JAMA . According to the study: "In 2010, a total of 28,664 transplants were performed in theUnited States, including 16,899 kidney transplants, 6,291 livertransplants, 2,333 heart transplants, and 1,770 lung transplants." Individuals who receive a solid organ transplant have an increasedrisk of developing cancer because of immunosuppression andoncogenic viral infections. The authors wrote: "A better understanding of cancer risk in transplant recipientswould help clarify the role of the immune system, infections, andother factors in the development of malignancy, and could identifyopportunities to improve transplant safety." In order to assess the overall pattern of cancer after solid organtransplantation, Eric A. Engels, M.D., M.P.H., and team carried outan investigation to establish the absolute and relative cancer riskin people who had undergone transplantation compared with thegeneral public by using linked data on recipients oftransplantation from the U.S. Scientific Registry of TransplantRecipients (1987-2008) and 13 regional and state cancer registries. By evaluating data of 175,732 transplants (39.7% of the U.S. totalduring 1987-2008), the researchers established that 60.9%, i.e. themajority of recipients were male and the average transplant age was47 years, with the most commonly organs transplanted being liver(21.6%), kidney (58.4%), lung (4.0%) and heart (10.0%). Duringfollow up, 10,656 transplant recipients were diagnosed with amalignancy, with evaluations revealing an overall doubling ofcancer risk compared with that of the general public. They discovered that recipients of transplants had an increasedrisk for 32 different types of malignant cancer, some related toknown infections (e.g. Kaposi sarcoma and anal cancer ), and others not related to infection (e.g. thyroid cancer, lip cancer and melanoma ). In addition they found that the most prevalent cancers withincreased risk were non-Hodgkin lymphoma (1,504), liver cancer (930), Kidney cancer (752) and lung cancer (1,344), which collectively made up 43% of all cancer cases inindividuals who had received a transplant in comparison with 21% inthe U.S. general population. Recipients of all organ types had an increased risk of non-Hodgkinlymphoma compared with the general population. Lung recipients hadthe greatest increased risk for lung cancer, however, the risk wasalso present for recipients of liver, heart and kidney organs. Therisk for liver cancer was only increased among liver recipients.Kidney recipients had the greatest risk of kidney cancer , although the risk was also increased among heart and liverrecipients. The researchers explain: "In conclusion, this large-scale registry linkage study documents awide spectrum of cancer risk among transplant recipients. Somemalignancies arise from the loss of immunologic control ofoncogenic viruses, but others are unrelated to known infections.Additional contributing factors for some cancers may include othereffects of chronic immune disturbance or inflammation, underlyingmedical conditions, or medication toxicity. Our findings should stimulate research into carcinogenic mechanismsassociated with organ transplantation. The elevated risk for abroad range of malignancies among transplant recipients, coupledwith improvements in long-term survival, should encourage furtherdevelopment of approaches to prevention and early detection ofcancer targeted to this population." Written by: Grace Rattue Copyright: Medical News Today Not to be reproduced without permission of Medical News Today Additional References Citations. I am an expert from automotive-diagnostictool.com, while we provides the quality product, such as Automotive Ecu Programmer Manufacturer , Car Service Reset Tool Manufacturer, Professional Automotive Diagnostic Tools,and more.
Related Articles -
Automotive Ecu Programmer Manufacturer, Car Service Reset Tool Manufacturer,
|
