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Your eyes are the best cameras you have. They take pictures of the world around you then send those pictures to your brain. Your brain then interprets what your eyes see. Just as with a camera, light rays bounce off objects then pass through your eyes’ lens where it is recorded on the retina. Oddly enough, the picture that your eye sees is actually upside down before the brain receives it. Your brain then turns the image back up, so you see things the right way. Eyes are one of the most remarkable parts of our bodies. Eyes accommodate changing light conditions and are in an almost constant state of focus. When all of the eye’s components are working properly, we have sharp, crisp vision. However, when one part of the eye no longer functions correctly, like when someone develops clouded lenses (cataracts), vision is impaired. By contacting an eye doctor in your area, you can have your eyes examined if you are no longer seeing clearly. Eyes – the Visual Process Vision develops from three separate processes. When you see those three processes, you might think you are looking at a list of engineering classes, but when you think about it, the eye is really quite an engineered process. Those processes include:
• Mechanical
• Chemical
• Electrical
The Mechanical Process When light moves through the cornea and pupil to the lens, the cornea’s shape focuses the incoming light before it enters the lens. Many people have an abnormally curved cornea (astigmatism), which will change the refractive power in that area and cause blurred vision. The iris of the eye determines the size of the pupil. Bombard the eye with bright light and the pupil shrinks; let in less light and the pupil expands. That light then passes through the lens, which will bend and focus the light onto the photoreceptors. Ciliary muscles and ligaments help the lens to change shape that aids with focusing light from varying distances onto the retina. With age, these muscles become more rigid and less accommodating for focusing and that creates a condition called presbyopia that bifocals, reading glasses or laser surgery can correct. The Chemical Process Vision also has a chemical process, whereby the photoreceptors obtain the light and transform it into electrical signals. Cones and rods are photoreceptor cells. Cones provide sharp visual acuity and color vision while the rods help with night vision or in dim light. The Electrical Process The third visual process is electrical. After the photoreceptor cells transform the light into electrical signals, the nerve cells pick up the signals and transfer them to the optic nerve. The optic nerve takes those signals onto the visual cortex, where the brain reinterprets the signals into what you are viewing. Knowing how clear vision works can help you understand the process when sight deteriorates. To learn more about the corrective measures you can take to achieve better vision, please visit www.eyes.com to find an eye doctor near you.
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