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Usage Of Personal Protective Equipment by ayay wang
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Usage Of Personal Protective Equipment |
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Business,Business News,Business Opportunities
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PPE by usage
Combat
Gear for defense against ballistic weapons are commonly worn by soldiers and law enforcement personnel
General
U.S. police officer with a riot shield
A shield is held in the hand or arm. Its purpose is to intercept attacks, either by stopping projectiles such as arrows or by glancing a blow to the side of the shield-user. Shields vary greatly in size, ranging from large shields that protect the user's entire body to small shields that are mostly for use in hand-to-hand combat. Shields also vary a great deal in thickness; whereas some shields were made of thick wooden planking, to protect soldiers from spears and crossbow bolts, other shields were thinner and designed mainly for glancing blows away (such as a sword blow). In prehistory, shields were made of wood, animal hide, or wicker. In antiquity and in the Middle Ages, shields were used by foot soldiers and mounted soldiers. Even after the invention of gunpowder and firearms, shields continued to be used. In the 18th century, Scottish clans continued to use small shields, and in the 19th century, some non-industrialized peoples continued to use shields. In the 20th and 21st century, shields are used by military and police units that specialize in anti-terrorist action, hostage rescue, and siege-breaching.
Torso
Ballistic vest.
A ballistic vest helps absorb the impact from firearm-fired projectiles and shrapnel from explosions, and is worn on the torso. Soft vests are made from many layers of woven or laminated fibers and can be capable of protecting the wearer from small caliber handgun and shotgun projectiles, and small fragments from explosives such as hand grenades.
Metal or ceramic plates can be used with a soft vest, providing additional protection from rifle rounds, and metallic components or tightly-woven fiber layers can give soft armor resistance to stab and slash attacks from a knife. Soft vests are commonly worn by police forces, private citizens and private security guards or bodyguards, whereas hard-plate reinforced vests are mainly worn by combat soldiers, police tactical units and hostage rescue teams.
Modern body armor may combine a ballistic vest with other items of protective clothing, such as a combat helmet. Vests intended for police and military use may also include ballistic shoulder and side protection armor components, and bomb disposal officers wear heavy armor and helmets with face visors and spine protection.
Head
A U.S. soldier wearing a combat helmet.
A combat helmet are among the oldest forms of personal protective equipment, and are known to have been worn by the Assyrians around 900BC, followed by the ancient Greeks and Romans, throughout the Middle Ages, and up to the end of the 1600s by many combatants. Their materials and construction became more advanced as weapons became more and more powerful. Initially constructed from leather and brass, and then bronze and iron during the Bronze and Iron Ages, they soon came to be made entirely from forged steel in many societies after about 950AD. At that time, they were purely military equipment, protecting the head from cutting blows with swords, flying arrows, and low-velocity musketry. Today's militaries often use high-quality helmets made of ballistic materials such as Kevlar and Aramid, which have excellent bullet and fragmentation stopping power. Some helmets also have good non-ballistic protective qualities, though many do not. Non-ballistic injuries may be caused by many things, such as concussive shockwaves from explosions, physical attacks, motor vehicle accidents, or falls.
A ballistic face mask, is designed to protect the wearer from ballistic threats. Ballistic face masks are usually made of kevlar or other bullet resistant materials and the inside of the mask may be padded for shock absorption, depending on the design. Due to weight restrictions, protection levels range only up to NIJ Level IIIA.
Respiratory system
A gas mask is worn over the face to protect the wearer from inhaling "airborne pollutants" and toxic gases. The mask forms a sealed cover over the nose and mouth, but may also cover the eyes and other vulnerable soft tissues of the face. Airborne toxic materials may be gaseous or particulate. Many gas masks include protection from both types. During riots where tear gas or CS-gas is employed by riot police, gas masks are commonly used by police and rioters alike.
Limbs
Protection of limbs from bombs is provided by a bombsuit.
Sports
Limbs
A pair of fingerless cycling gloves.
Gloves are frequently used to keep the hands warm, a function that is particularly necessary when cycling in cold weather. The hands are also relatively inactive, and do not have a great deal of muscle mass, which also contributes to the possibility of chill. Gloves are therefore vital for insulating the hands from cold, wind, and evaporative cooling. Putting a hand out to break a fall is a natural reaction, however, the hands are one of the more difficult parts of the body to repair. There is little or no spare skin, and immobilising the hands sufficiently to promote healing involves significant inconvenience to the patient. Fingerless gloves, have a lightly padded palm of leather (natural or synthetic), gel or other material. Full-finger gloves are useful in winter, when real warmth is not an issue. These are also generally waterproof but will become soggy in heavy rain. Lobster-claw gloves are halfway between glove and mitten. Two fingers are placed in each of two wide fingers.
Construction
Head
U.S. Navy sailors loading cargo onto a container ship in Antarctica
A hard hat is a type of helmet predominantly used in workplace environments, such as construction sites, to protect the head from injury by falling objects, impact with other objects, debris, bad weather and electric shock. Inside the helmet is a suspension that spreads the helmet's weight over the top of the head. It also provides a space of approximately 3 cm (1.2 inch) between the helmet's shell and the wearer's head so that if an object strikes the shell, the impact is less likely to be transmitted directly to the skull. Rigid plastic has been the most common material.
Respiratory system
A half face particulate mask.
A respirator is designed to protect the wearer from inhaling harmful dusts, fumes, vapors, and/or gases. Respirators come in a wide range of types and sizes used by the military, private industry, and the public. Respirators range from cheaper, single-use, disposable masks to reusable models with replaceable cartridges. There are two main categories: the air-purifying respirator, which forces contaminated air through a filtering element, and the air-supplied respirator, in which an alternate supply of fresh air is delivered. Within each category, different techniques are employed to reduce or eliminate noxious airborne contents.
PPE by body area
Protective headgear
a beekeeping hat, veil, and suit
Masks
Some masks made of hard material like those used by goaltenders in ice hockey (a goalie mask) and catchers in baseball as protection against being struck in the face.
For gas masks and similar, see #Respiratory protection.
See Mask (disambiguation)
Helmets
See Helmet#Types of helmet
Eye protection
Goggles
See Eye protection.
Hearing protection
ear defenders and visor on a safety helmet
Ear defenders
Earplug
Earmuffs
Earpads/earflaps
Other head/neck protection
Throat guard
Headguard (Head guard)
Boxing headgear
Mouthguard
Armored/insulated hood
Association football headgear
Arm/shoulder protection
Shoulder pads
Forearm guard
Fist guard
Knuckle guard
Wrist guard
Elbow guard
Elbow pad
Hand/Wrist Wraps
Hand protection
nitrile glove
Gloves are available to protect against:
Chemicals, contamination and infection (e.g. disposable latex/vinyl/nitrile gloves)
Electricity, when voltage is too high
Extremes of temperature (e.g. oven gloves, welder's gloves)
Mechanical hazards (e.g. rigger gloves, chainmail gloves)
Lacerations and other wounds from sharp objects
Baseball glove
Belay gloves
Cycling gloves
Falconry gloves
Gymnastics grips
Hand guards
Hand/wrist wraps
Hockey glove
Wicket-keeper's gloves
Body protection
Also see Blunt Trauma PPE
Athletic supporter/protective cup
Chestguard (Chest guard, Hogu)
Rib guard
Abdomen guard (cricket box)
Leg/hip protection
clogs
Foot guard
Hip pads (Hip pad)
Knee pads
Instep guard/instep protector
Shin guard (shin guards)
Combined knee-shin guards
Padded shorts
Bouldering mat
Chaps are individual pant leggings made of leather and worn by farriers, cowboys, and rodeo contestants to protect the legs from contact with hooves, thorny undergrowth, and other such work hazards. May also be made of other materials for leg protection against other hazards, such as "rain chaps" of waterproof materials, or "saw chaps" of Kevlar for chainsaw workers.
Steel-toe safety footwear
Full protective garments
Protective suit is an umbrella term for any suit or clothing which protects the wearer. Any specific design of suit may offer protection against biological and chemical chemical agents, particle radiation (alpha) and/or radiation (delta and gamma), and may offer flash protection in the case of bomb disposal suits. Most forms of industrial clothing are protective clothing. Personal protective equipment includes:
Complete suits
Blunt Trauma PPE
The word "chemsuit" is sometimes used to mean a real chemical-protection suit, as well as fictional.
Boilersuit
NBC suit
Hazmat suit
Bomb disposal suits
Fire proximity suit
Riding suits (abrasion-proof: made of leather, kevlar, ballistic nylon, cordura, etc., and waterproof)
spacesuit
Splash suit, to protect against splashing chemicals
Wetsuit and drysuit
Immersion suit
Other garments
Zip-off Convertible Ventilated Trousers:
Convertible Ventilated Trousers shown with one leg cover removed
These are pants styled in the zip-off fashion, where covers are removed from the lower section, exposing a mesh material on the lower legs. This allows the cooling and ventilation of shorts while providing the user the abrasion protection and appearance of regular pants. CVT's were originally designed for and are still predominantly used as work clothing, as the wearing of shorts is often prohibited for safety reasons in many industrial occupations.
Apron (protects the body and other clothing from dirt) (also used as distinction by waiters)
Nappy ("diaper" in American English)
Motorcycle armor
Protective vest
Sun protective clothing
References
^ http://www.nps.gov/archive/colo/Jthanout/HisArmur.html
^ Galea - About the Galea
^ Kevlar Pasgt Helmet
^ http://www.operation-helmet.org
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