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Urinary tract infection is a condition that refers to the infections that occur in the urinary bladder. The mentioned condition is also called cystitis. In some cases the infection of the urinary bladder spreads to the upper tract in the kidney or to the prostate. These problems are called pyelonephritis and prostatitis, depending on the area where they occur. We should all know the basics on urinary tract infections. That is why we had to explain the two forms of the bladder infection. In cases when the infection occurs and consists of a single episode of bladder infection the condition is caused acute cystitis. Chronic cystitis is a problem that keeps on occurring with only fleeting infection-free periods. Simple cases, or acute urinary tract infections usually occur in women with ages between 20 and 50 and they are not common among young men. You should know that even if it commonly affects women this problem can also occur in men and with severe complications too. Among the persons that are at risk for developing these urinary tract infections we have to remember those with conditions that affect the bladder’s nerve supply such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis or spinal cord injuries, elderly men and women, pregnant women, someone who’s parents had a similar condition, people that have any kind of obstruction that blocks the passage of urine such as tumor, kidney stone or enlarged prostate, persons who use contraceptive diaphragm or spermicidal agents for contraception or persons that use a catheter. In most of the cases the risks mentioned earlier increase the chance for a simple bladder infection to rapidly progress to a serious kidney infection or sepsis. Sepsis is an infection that enters the bloodstream and affects many organs. More than that, the chances for a premature delivery increase when pregnant women develop kidney infections. Many of us wonder what causes the urinary tract infections. It is good to know that there is a bacteria that is normally found in the gastrointestinal tract. It is believed that this Escherichia coli bacteria causes these problems. Along with Escherichia coli, other bacteria such as staphylococcus, saprophyticus, proteus, klebsiella or enterococcus are believed to cause problems for the bladder. Later research proved that more and more people get the infection because of two sexually transmitted organisms called Chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasma. The reason for because women are more affected by this problem is the size of urethra which is shorter than in men and because the urethral opening is close to the anus and so bacteria from the colon can easily contaminate the urethra.
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