The EF lens mount
Main article: Canon EF lens mount
The bayonet-style EF lens mount is at the center of the EOS camera system. Breaking compatibility with the earlier FD mount, it was designed with no mechanical linkages between moving parts in the lens and in the camera. The aperture and focus are controlled via electrical contacts, with motors in the lens itself. This was similar in many ways to Nikon's 1983 F3AF (and to many of Nikon's more recent autofocus lenses), although other manufacturers including Contax (with its G series of interchangeable-lens 35 mm rangefinder cameras) and Olympus (with its Four Thirds System) have since embraced this type of direct drive system. It is a large lens mount compared to most of its competition, enabling the use of larger aperture lenses.
The bayonet-style mount
14mm F2.8 L lens
TS-E 24mm f/3.5L lens
50mm F1.4 lens
85mm F1.2 L lens
100mm F2.8 macro lens
135mm F2 L lens
Canon EF 400mm lens
16-35 F2.8 L lens
24-70 F2.8 L lens
70-200mm F2.8 L lens
70-300mm F4.5-5.6 IS DO lens
EOS flash system
Main article: Canon EOS flash system
The flash system in the EOS cameras has gone through a number of evolutions since its first implementation. The basic EOS flash system was actually developed not for the first EOS camera, but rather for the last high-end FD-mount manual-focus camera, the T90, launched in 1986. This was the first Canon camera with through-the-lens (TTL) flash metering, although other brands had been metering that way for some time. It also introduced the A-TTL (Advanced TTL) system for better flash exposure in program mode, using infrared preflashes to gauge subject distance.
This system was carried over into the early EOS cameras wholesale. A-TTL largely fell out of favor, and was replaced by E-TTL (Evaluative TTL). This used a pre-flash for advanced metering, and used the autofocus system to judge where the main subject was for more accurate exposure. E-TTL II, which was an enhancement in the camera's firmware only, replaced E-TTL from 2004.
Canon Speedlite-brand flashes have evolved alongside the cameras. They are capable of wired and wireless multi-flash setups, the latter using visible or infrared pulses to synchronise.
Speedlite 550EX
Speedlite 430EX
EOS cameras
As of 2007, Canon has released no fewer than 40 EOS SLR camera models, starting with the introduction of the EOS 650 in 1987. In the 1990s, Canon worked with Kodak to produce digital camera bodies, starting with the EOS DCS 3 in 1995. The first digital EOS SLR camera wholly designed and manufactured by Canon is the EOS D30, released in 2000.
Canon has also released two EOS cameras designed to use the APS film format, the EOS IX and the EOS IX Lite.
There is also a manual-focus EOS camera, the Canon EF-M. It comes with all the automatic and manual exposure functions but lacks autofocus. However, it comes equipped with a split-screen/microprism focusing screen for precise manual focusing.
Eye-controlled focusing
Through the tracking of eyeball movements, EOS cameras equipped with eye-controlled focusing (ECF) are able to choose the appropriate autofocus point based on where the user is looking in the viewfinder frame. ECF comes especially useful in sports photography where the subject may shift its position in the frame rapidly.
ECF is a function that is usually either loved or hated. Some users feel that it is not reliable enough for common use. Others report that they are able to use it reliably. Much of this depends on the user. Eyeglasses can also reduce its accuracy for some.
EOS cameras equipped with ECF are the EOS A2E (U.S. model names are shown; see the table below for equivalents in other countries), EOS Elan IIE, EOS IXe, EOS-3, EOS Elan 7E, and EOS Elan 7NE.
Canon has not continued its use of eye-controlled focusing with its digital SLRs, however. The EOS Elan 7NE is the last EOS camera to have this function.
Quick control dial
Quick Control Dial on EOS 100
Most prosumer and professional level EOS cameras feature a large quick control dial (QCD) on the camera back. Allowing easy operation of the camera using the thumb, the QCD is used for quick access to often-used functions that may otherwise require a more complicated procedure of button-presses and dial-clicks.
Cameras equipped with the QCD can easily be operated with one hand (forefinger on the main dial, thumb on the QCD) without taking the eye off the viewfinder.
Some useful functions that a QCD is programmed to do include setting exposure compensation, setting of aperture in manual exposure mode and scrolling of images and menus in digital EOS cameras.
Multi-point autofocus system
The top-line EOS cameras have up to 45 autofocus (AF) points, the most in their class, until superseded by Nikon's D3 and D300 digital SLR cameras with 51 autofocus points. This increases the chances of a sharply-focused photograph in situations where the subject travels across the frame at high speeds, e.g. sports, birds. The number, type, features and performance of autofocus point array systems is likely to continue to evolve.
Having so many AF points also helps relieve the photographer from having to use the 'lock focus and recompose' method of framing a photograph, since the subject will most probably have been picked up by one or more of the AF points. Even though the camera is intelligent enough to select the correct AF point(s) most of the time, EOS cameras equipped with a multi-point AF system will still allow the photographer to manually select an AF point.
EOS-3, EOS-1v, and the EOS-1D family feature a 45-point AF system. With the exception of EOS 1000D and EOS 7D, all Canon DSLRs introduced since late 2005, starting from the EOS 20D and the Rebel XTi (400D) feature a nine-point AF system in a diamond-shape formation. The EOS 5D, released in 2005, takes this 9-point AF system a step further by introducing six more 'invisible' AF points (i.e. not user-selectable) in helping the camera acquire focus faster during subject tracking. Older Canon DSLRs usually have seven-point AF. The EOS 7D, released in 2009, has a 19-point AF layout, fitting essentially within the same diamond-shaped area of the frame as the nine-point layout.
For the earlier generation of 45-point AF system, the central column of 1 or 2 sensors (7 in all up to EOS-1Ds Mk II, EOS-1D Mk II N) are cross-type sensors, which offer a high degree of accuracy. Canon's latest professional SLRs, the EOS-1D Mk III and EOS-1Ds Mk III have 19 cross-type sensors for higher accuracy, as well as placing the cross-type sensors to complement the Rule of Thirds.
Naming Scheme
Identical Canon models are sometimes marketed under different names in different parts of the world. For example, the EOS Rebel 2000 known in the Americas is also known as EOS Kiss III in Japan, and EOS 300 in other parts of the world.
Target Market Segment
Typically Common Features
International
Americas
Japan
Consumer/Entry-level
Pentamirror type viewfinder, lighter and cheaper build than other ranges, APS-C sized sensor on digital models.
3- or 4-digit model number.
E.g. EOS 350D, EOS 300X, EOS 1000D
Rebel (used in North America since 1990)
E.g. EOS Digital Rebel XT, EOS Rebel T2
Kiss (used in Japan since 1993)
E.g. EOS Kiss Digital N, EOS Kiss 7
Advanced amateur/prosumer
Higher frame rate and more rugged construction than contemporary "entry-level" models. Partial weather sealing and APS-C sized sensor on digital models.
2-digit model number
E.g. EOS 33V, EOS 40D
Elan
E.g. EOS Elan 7N (DSLRs share the same naming scheme as International)
7-series
E.g. EOS 7s
Premium
Weather sealing and tougher construction.
1-digit model number
E.g. EOS 3, EOS 5, EOS 5D, EOS 7D
Same as International, except EOS A2 (EOS 5)
Same as International
Professional
More rugged/waterproofed build than premium models, larger build with vertical grip, 100% viewfinder field of view, faster performance. APS-H sized sensors on 1D models and 35mm "Full-frame digital SLR" sensors on 1Ds models.
model number 1
E.g. EOS-1D Mark II, EOS-1V, EOS-1Ds Mark III
Same as International
Same as International
Film cameras
v d e
Canon EOS Film SLR timeline
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Professional
1
1N
1V
Prosumer
10
10S
5
A2e/A2
3
Advanced amateur
650/620/630
100
Elan
50e/50
Elan IIe/II
55
30/33
Elan 7e/7
7
30V/33V
Elan 7Ne/7N
7s
Consumer
750/850
1000F
Rebel S
1000
1000FN
Rebel S II
1000S
500
Rebel XS
Kiss
500N
Rebel G
New Kiss
300
Rebel 2000
Kiss III
300V
Rebel Ti
Kiss 5
300X
Rebel T2
Kiss 7
Entry level
5000
888
3000
88
3000N
Rebel XS N
66
3000V
Rebel K2
Kiss Lite
This is a list of the 35 mm and APS Canon EOS models in order of introduction:
Model (US)
Model (Europe)
Model (Japan)
Release date
EOS 650
EOS 650
EOS 650
March 1987
EOS 620
EOS 620
EOS 620
May 1987
EOS 750
EOS 750
EOS 750
October 1988
EOS 850
EOS 850
EOS 850
October 1988
EOS 630
EOS 600
EOS 630 QD
April 1989
EOS-1
EOS-1
EOS-1
September 1989
EOS RT
EOS RT
EOS RT
October 1989
EOS 10S
EOS 10
EOS 10 QD
March 1990
EOS 700
EOS 700
EOS 700 QD
March 1990
EOS Rebel/Rebel S
EOS 1000F QD
EOS 1000 QD
October 1990
EOS 10S commemorative kit
EOS 10
EOS 10 QD
August 1991
EOS Elan
EOS 100
EOS 100 QD
August 1991
EOS Rebel II/SII
EOS 1000FN QD
EOS 1000S QD
March 1992
EOS A2/A2e
EOS 5
EOS 5 QD
November 1992
EOS Rebel XS
EOS 500
EOS Kiss
September 1993
EOS Rebel X
-
-
November 1993
EOS-1N
EOS-1N/1N HS/1N DP
EOS-1N/1N HS/1N DP
November 1994
-
EOS 5000
EOS 888
January 1995
EOS-1N RS
EOS-1N RS
EOS-1N RS
March 1995
EOS Elan II/IIe
EOS 50/50e
EOS 55
September 1995
EOS Rebel G
EOS 500N
New EOS Kiss
September 1996
EOS IX
EOS IX
EOS IX E
October 1996
EOS IX Lite
EOS IX 7
EOS IX 50
March 1998
EOS-3
EOS-3
EOS-3
November 1998
-
EOS 3000
EOS 88
March 1999
EOS Rebel 2000
EOS 300
EOS Kiss III
April 1999
EOS-1v
EOS-1v
EOS-1v
March 2000
EOS Elan 7/7e
EOS 33/30
EOS 7
October 2000
-
-
EOS Kiss III L
November 2001
EOS Rebel XS N
EOS 3000N
Canon EOS 66
February 2002
EOS Rebel Ti
EOS 300V
EOS Kiss 5
September 2002
EOS Rebel GII
-
-
March 2003
EOS Rebel K2
EOS 3000V
EOS Kiss Lite
September 2003
EOS Elan 7N/7NE
EOS 33V/30V
EOS 7s
April 2004
EOS Rebel T2
EOS 300X
EOS Kiss 7
September 2004
Digital cameras
Prior to the introduction of the EOS D30 digital SLR, Canon in collaboration with Kodak produced four digital SLRs by modifying the internals of the EOS-1N film SLR. These four digital SLRs had a Canon EOS body and thus can accept EF lenses, while the image sensor and electronics were designed and built by Kodak. The four cameras were:
Model
Release date
EOS DCS3
July 1995
EOS DCS1
December 1995
EOS D2000/Kodak DCS520
March 1998
EOS D6000/Kodak DCS560
December 1998
In addition, Kodak produced the Kodak DCS Pro SLR/c in 2004, which was compatible with most EF lenses but was not produced in collaboration with Canon.
The following digital SLRs, starting from the D30, had bodies and sensors completely designed and manufactured by Canon (except for the Canon EOS-1D, which uses a Panasonic sourced CCD sensor).
Unlike most other digital SLR manufacturers, Canon digital SLRs are equipped with a CMOS sensor (with the exception of EOS-1D that uses a CCD sensor). Canon designs and manufactures their own CMOS sensors.
v d e
Canon EOS Digital SLR timeline
Sensor
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
Flagship
Full
1Ds
1Ds Mk II
1Ds Mk III
APS-H
1D
1D Mk II
1D Mk II N
1D Mk III
1D Mk IV
High-end
Full
5D
5D Mk II
APS-C
7D
Prosumer
D30
D60
10D
20D
30D
40D
50D
Mid-range
300D
Digital Rebel
Kiss Digital
350D
Digital Rebel XT
Kiss Digital N
400D
Digital Rebel XTi
Kiss Digital X
450D
Rebel XSi
Kiss X2
500D
Rebel T1i
Kiss X3
550D
Rebel T2i
Kiss X4
Entry-level
1000D
Rebel XS
Kiss F
Video capable
See also...
Canon
Comparison of Canon EOS Digital Cameras
List of Canon products
Template:Canon DSLR cameras
Canon Corporation
Canon FD lens mount
Canon FL
Canon EF lens mount
Single lens reflex
Single lens reflex
Digital single lens reflex
35 mm film
Notes and references
^ "Canon History Hall: Birth of New-Generation Autofocus SLR Camera, "EOS"". http://www.canon.com/camera-museum/history/canon_story/1987_1991/1987_1991.html. Retrieved 29 January 2010.
^ "EOS 450D: get ready to play". http://www.canon.co.uk/press_centre/press_releases/cameras_accessories/eos450d_press_release.asp. Retrieved 2008-02-25. "the model presents consumers with an unprecedented level of image quality"
^ "CANON U.S.A.'S NEW EOS REBEL XSi PLACES SUPERIOR OPTICS AND PROFESSIONAL FEATURES INTO THE HANDS OF EMERGING PHOTO ENTHUSIASTS". http://www.usa.canon.com/templatedata/pressrelease/20080123_xsi.html. Retrieved 2008-02-25. "Canon U.S.A., Inc.'s EOS Rebel series of digital single lens reflex cameras the cameras that defined and refined what it means to be an "entry level" digital SLR"
^ "Canon EOS 40D brings new EOS platform to advanced amateur market". http://www.canon.co.uk/About_Us/News/Consumer_Releases/2007/EOS_40D.asp. Retrieved 2008-02-25. "Canon today introduces its latest digital SLR for advanced amateurs and semi-professionals"
^ "The Wait is Over: CANON U.S.A.'S HIGHLY ANTICIPATED EOS 40D DIGITAL SLR DELIVERS HIGH-RESOLUTION IMAGE QUALITY, HIGH-SPEED SHOOTING AND HIGH-END FUNCTIONALITY". http://www.usa.canon.com/templatedata/pressrelease/20070820_40d.html. Retrieved 2008-02-25. "Building on the success of Canon's perennially popular "prosumer" EOS 20D and 30D models, the EOS 40D advances the state-of-the-art for mid-range Digital SLR cameras"
^ "NEW CANON EOS 5D IS A PREMIUM DIGITAL SLR AT AN AFFORDABLE PRICE OFFERING A FULL-FRAME SENSOR WITH 12.8 MEGAPIXELS OF RESOLUTION". http://www.usa.canon.com/templatedata/pressrelease/20050822_eos5d.html. Retrieved 2008-02-25. "The New Canon EOS 5D Camera Is a Premium DSLR for Under $3,300"
^ "CANON U.S.A.'s NEW LINE-LEADING, 21.1-MEGAPIXEL, FULL-FRAME EOS-1Ds MARK III DIGITAL SLR KEEPS CANON AT THE TOP OF THE PRO PHOTO CLASS". http://www.usa.canon.com/templatedata/pressrelease/20070820_1dsmk3.html. Retrieved 2008-02-25. "While Canon's EOS-1D series has dominated the 35mm-based professional Digital SLR market for the past six years"
External links
EOS Camera Systems homepage at Canon.com
EF lens specification chart (pdf)
The Canon EOS FAQs
Overview of the whole Canon EOS system incl. 3rd party manufacturers
Flash Photography with Canon EOS Cameras - Part 1 - Part 2 - Part 3
Canon Camera Museum
Canon EOS Feature Overview - archived copy of Canon Model feature overview from photozone.de at web.archive.org
Canon SLR cameras and lens mounts (film)
Lens Mount
Series
Model
R
Canonflex (1959), Canonflex R2000 (1960), Canonflex RP (1961), Canonflex RM (1962)
FL
FX (1964), FP (1964), Pellix (1965), FT QL (1966), Pellix QL (1966), TL (1968)
FD
F
Amateur: FTb (1971), FTbn (1973), EF (1973), TLb (1974), TX (1975)
Professional: F-1(1971), F-1n (1976), New F-1 (1981)
A
AE-1 (1976), AT-1 (1976), A-1 (1978), AV-1 (1979), AE-1 Program (1981), AL-1 (1982)
T
T50 (1983), T70 (1984), T80 (1985), T90 (1986), T60 (1990)
EF
1
EOS-1 (1989), EOS-1N (1994), EOS-1N RS (1995), EOS-1v (2001)
EOS 650 (1987), EOS 620 (1987), EOS 750QD (1988), EOS 850QD (1988), EOS 630QD (1989), EOS RT (1989), EOS 700QD (1989), EOS 10sQD (1990), EOS 1000F (1990), EOS 100 (1991), EOS EF-M (1991), EOS 5/5QD/A2/A2e (1992), EOS 1000FN (1992), EOS 500 (1993), EOS 888 (1993), EOS 50 (1995), EOS 500N (1996), EOS-3 (1998), EOS 88 (1999), EOS 300 (1999), EOS 30 (2000), EOS 3000N (2002), EOS 300V (2002), EOS 3000V (2003), EOS 30V (2004), EOS 300X (2004)
IX
EOS IX, EOS IX Lite
Canon DSLR cameras
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