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The Marburg virus is a rare disease and is caused due to the unique animal borne RNA virus. It is an infectious and hemorrhagic viral fever which can affect both the human and non-human primates. The rare virus is detected in a very few regions like the Central and East Africa, Kenya, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. The virus generally spreads from the infected African green monkeys. The virus was first recognized in 1967 during the laboratory tests performed on these green monkeys. Causes of Marburg Virus: The main cause of Marburg virus is exposure to the infected green monkeys. However, the virus can also spread through different mediums. Following are some of the causes of Marburg virus: • The virus can be transmitted from an infected person through his saliva, cough or by sneezing. • The virus can also spread from infected surfaces • Blood transfusion is another way of getting infected by this virus • The virus also spreads from used needles or syringes • Sexual contact is another way of getting infected The virus can also be transmitted from the mother to her fetus or by getting exposed to an infected person. Symptoms of Marburg virus: High fever, severe chills, severe head ache, and nausea are some of the common symptoms of Marburg virus. However, following are some of the other detected symptoms of Marburg virus: • Myalgia • Maculopapular rashes • Vomiting • Severe chest pain • Prolonged diarrhoea • Hypovolemic shock • Sore throat • Delirium • Jaundice • Hemorrhage • Multi-organ dysfunction The symptoms may also consist of severe abdominal pain, muscle pain, pancreas inflammation, and severe weight loss. Diagnosis of Marburg virus: The Marburg virus is diagnosed by performing different physical examinations. Following are some of the frequently performed tests for Marburg virus: • Polymerase chain reaction test • Virus isolation test • IgG- Capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing (ELISA) • Antigen capture ELISA The immunohistochemistry and blood tests are other tests performed for the diagnosis of Marburg virus. Treatments for Marburg virus: The Marburg virus is generally treated by balancing the body fluids and electrolytes in the patient’s body. Following are some of the other treatments provided to cure the Marburg virus: • Maintaining the blood pressure • Providing fresh oxygen to the patient • Maintaining the blood level in the patient’s body • Treatments for blood-clotting • Transfusion of fresh-frozen plasma Many a times, heparin is used to prevent the consumption of clotting factor during the treatment. Marburg virus is a rare but serious disease that can lead to sudden death. One must take proper precaution to avoid getting infected from this virus.
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