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Dementia is nothing but a term that describes brain affecting disorders. This problem is commonly found in the senior citizens. People suffering from dementia face serious problems like impaired intellectual functioning, loss of problem solving abilities, delusion, etc. Following are some of the common forms of dementia: • AIDS related dementia • Alcohol related dementia • Alzheimer’s disease • Dementia with lewy bodies • Down’s syndrome • Vascular dementia The Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia are the serious forms of dementia disease. Vascular Dementia: The vascular dementia is one of the severe forms of dementia and contributes about twenty to thirty percent of dementia cases. The disease is commonly detected in men. This disease is generally caused from the cardiovascular problems that further damage the brain. The vascular dementia is a neurodegenerative disorder. It affects the brain leading to mental, emotional and intellectual disorders. Causes of Vascular Dementia: The main and common cause of vascular dementia is the improper supply of blood and required nutrients to the brain. However, following are some of the common causes of vascular dementia: • Inflammation of blood vessels • Low blood pressure • Lesions • Lupus erythematosus • Temporal arteritis • Excessive alcohol drinking Any medical or family history related to cardiovascular disease can also be a major cause of vascular dementia. Symptoms of Vascular Dementia: Several mental and emotional problems are the major symptoms of vascular dementia. Following are some of the other common symptoms detected in a person suffering from vascular dementia: • Depression • Anxiety • Memory problem • Seizures • Visual problems • Behavioral changes • Unsteadiness • Psychological disorders The symptoms of vascular dementia also include restlessness, confusion, problems with continence, communication problems, etc. Diagnosis of Vascular Dementia: The diagnosis of vascular dementia is based upon the patient’s medical history and the symptoms faced. However, different tests carried out for the diagnosis of vascular dementia are as follows: • Cognitive test to check the patients attention, thinking and planning speed • CT Scan • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) • Carotid ultrasound test • Neuropsychological test • Blood pressure test • Different heart tests • Diabetes and cholesterol check • Tests to check the blood supply to the brain The doctor may also look for the medical history of patient’s family during the diagnosis of vascular dementia. Treatments for Vascular Dementia: Following are some of the treatments for vascular dementia: • Preventing the blood from clotting • Reduce the cholesterol level • Medications • Physiotherapy • Occupational therapy • Speech therapy Controlling the blood pressure and blood sugar levels are the other important tasks during the vascular dementia treatment. Vascular dementia is one of the deadly diseases and can cause severe medical casualties. One must avoid excess tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking to prevent this disease. Also, one must undertake a healthy and hygienic diet with regular exercise.
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