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In prostate cancer, genetic abnormalities in benign or malignanttissues predict relapse by wwy yrj
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In prostate cancer, genetic abnormalities in benign or malignanttissues predict relapse by WWY YRJ
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| Article Posted: 07/03/2012 |
| Article Views: 78 |
| Articles Written: 1412 - MORE ARTICLES FROM THIS AUTHOR |
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In prostate cancer, genetic abnormalities in benign or malignanttissues predict relapse |
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Business,Business News,Business Opportunities
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While active monitoring of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA)levels in men over 50 has greatly improved early detection of prostate cancer , prediction of clinical outcomes after diagnosis remains a majorchallenge. Researchers from the University of Pittsburgh School ofMedicine have found that a genetic abnormality known as copy numbervariation (CNV) in prostate cancer tumors, as well as in the benignprostate tissues adjacent to the tumor and in the blood of patientswith prostate cancer, can predict whether a patient will experiencea relapse, and the nature of the relapse - aggressive or indolent.Their report is published in the June issue of The American Journal of Pathology. Copy number variations are large areas of the genome with eitherduplicated or missing sections of DNA. "Our analysis indicates thatCNV occurred in both cancer and non-cancer tissues, and CNV of these tissues predicts prostatecancer progression," says lead investigator Jian-Hua Luo, MD, PhD,associate professor in the Divisions of Molecular and CellularPathology, and Anatomic Molecular Pathology, Department ofPathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. "Predictionmodels of prostate cancer relapse, or of the rate of PSA levelincrease after surgery, were generated from specific CNV patternsin tumor or benign prostate tissues adjacent to cancer samples." To detect the abnormalities, scientists conducted a comprehensivegenome analysis on 238 samples obtained from men undergoing radicalprostatectomy: 104 prostate tumor samples, 85 blood samples frompatients with prostate cancer, and 49 samples of benign prostatetissues adjacent to a tumor.
A third of the samples were frompatients exhibiting recurrence with a PSA level increasing at arapid rate, doubling in less than four months (rapid increases areassociated with lethal prostate cancer); a third from patientsexhibiting recurrence with a PSA level increasing at a slow rate,doubling time greater than 15 months; and a third with no relapsemore than five years after surgery. Three commercially availableprostate cancer cell lines were also tested to validate theresults. Deletions of large segments of specific chromosomes occurred withhigh frequency, whereas amplification of other chromosomes occurredin only a subset of prostate cancer samples. Similar amplificationand deletion of the same regions also occurred in benign prostatetissue samples adjacent to the cancer. Prostate cancer patients'blood was found to contain significant CNVs.
Most were not uniqueand overlapped with those of prostate cancer samples. Using gene-specific CNV from tumor, the model correctly predicted73% of cases for relapse and 75% of cases for short PSA doublingtime. The CNV model from tissue adjacent to the prostate tumorcorrectly predicted 67% of cases for relapse and 77% of cases forshort PSA doubling time. Using median-size CNV from blood, thegenome model correctly predicted 81% of the cases for relapse and69% of the cases for short PSA doubling time.
Dr. Luo notes that there are several potential clinicalapplications using CNV tests. "For a patient diagnosed withprostate cancer, CNV analysis done on blood or normal tissues wouldeliminate the need for additional invasive procedures to decide atreatment mode. For a patient already having a radicalprostatectomy, CNV analysis on the tumor or blood sample may helpto decide whether additional treatment is warranted to preventrelapse. Despite some limitations, including the need for highquality genome DNA, CNV analysis on the genome of blood, normalprostate, or tumor tissues holds promise to become a more efficientand accurate way to predict the behavior of prostate cancer." Additional References Citations. I am an expert from Personal Care, usually analyzes all kind of industries situation, such as dental floss holders , unwaxed dental floss.
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