extraction chemistry Extraction chemistry is called as Metallurgy. Metals occur in nature in to forms either in free or native state, but most of these occur in nature in the form of chemical combination, i.e., in the form of their stable compounds which are associated with gangue or matrix. Introduction to extraction chemistry: Gaungue or matrix are earthy impurities such as sand, clay, rock etc., which is associated with ore. Most of the metal exist as the compound in the earth except for the some element which is inert for example gold, silver and platinum are so innert they do not combine with any element normally, so these metals occur in native form. regions. Ag occurs in native (or free) as well as in the form of compounds. The minerals are natural material in which the metal or their compounds occur in the earth Thus a mineral is a naturally occurring material present in earth’s crust which contains metal in the native (or free state) or in combined state. Metallurgical Processes of Extraction Chemistry A mineral can be a single compound or a complex mixture of various element . When a mineral contains sufficient amount of a metal in combined state, from which it can be easily and economically separated on commercial scale, then the mineral is said to be an ore of the metal. Thus all ores are minerals, but all minerals are not ores. The Extraction chemistry of metal consist of first concentration of ores. The ores can be concentrated by 1. Gravity separation process or hydraulic washing 2. Froth flotation process 3. Electromagnetic separation process 4. Chemical method Metallurgy is a branch of chemistry which deals with, 1. Extraction of metals from ores 2. Refining of crude metal 3. Producing alloys and the study of their constitution, structure and properties. 4. The relationship of physical and mechanical treatment of metals to alloys. The extraction consist of following process 1. Roasting- oxidation 2. Oxidising Roasting 3. Calcination 4. Smelting – Reduction 4. Bessemerisation 5. Purification of metals which may involve a. Electrolytic refining b. Zone refining c. Mond’s process With a passion for mathematics and teaching, I help students to understand the topic and expand their skills and knowledge chemistry answers like to share this through my article closure property
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