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Stem cells are cells that possess the ability to divide and produce specialized kinds of cells. These cells are capable of renewing and multiplying themselves and as a result have become some of the very critical tools in clinical research, medical science, and biotechnology. Their use relies on their origin and their ability to divide. The stem cells are classified as: Adult stem cells: These are also called somatic stem cells. They are multi-potent in nature meaning that they can disintegrate to produce numerous new cells of that lineage in particular. They occur in most developed organs of the human body including in adults and children. Embryonic stem cells: These cells are usually pluripotent meaning they are capable of specializing into any of the three different germinal epithelium layers. The cells are located in an embryo's inner cell mass which is in the blastocyst stage. They range from 50-150 cells. Fetal stem cells: These are extracted from a developing fetus' organs inside the womb. Amniotic fluid stem cells are derived from the amniotic fluid and cord blood stems cells from a newborn's umbilical cord blood. Uses of stem cell Treatment Hematopoietic Stem Cell Treatment in Singapore This technique has developed a breakthrough in curing of leukemia and other bone marrow and blood associated diseases. Bone marrow transplants are carried out successfully using the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells. The process is very complicated and graft tissue mismatch may lead to several diseases related to graft-versus-host mismatch. Allogeneic and Autologous are the two kinds of grafts usually used in this process. This stem cell treatment in Singapore is widely used in Acute Myeloid Leukemia treatment. Gene Treatment Using Stem Cells Diseases caused by mutation or defects in genes may be cured using stem cells. In this case, the stem cells of a particular lineage may be grown in the laboratory in vitro conditions and used to replace the defective cells. All antigen tests are carried out to ensure no graft rejection. The technique is also called genetic engineering and is applied in the cure of heart diseases too. Human Embryonic Stem Cell Treatment These cells have a wide range of application in the treatment of congenital and degenerative diseases. Ability of tissues and brain neurons to regenerate and then replace their counterparts that are damaged is very less. Damage towards brain cells, bone marrow and the spinal cord may be treated using the pluripotent embryonic stem cells. The cells derived from blastocyst rapidly multiply to mature cells. As they are capable of renewing themselves, they are critical tools in the cell replacement therapies. Other Applications of Stem Cell Treatment Apart from the aforementioned uses of stem cells, there are other applications of stem cell treatment in Singapore such as: - Treatment of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease - Treatment of diabetes, arthritis, cardiovascular complications and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis can also be successfully achieved by using the stem cells. - Stem cells can also be used for cell grafting with the intention of healing burnt skin or even regeneration of cell growth in body parts which are damaged. Resource From: stem cell treatment in Singapore and heart failure
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