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Energy has always been an important building block in human development, and a key factor in determining the economic development of a country. To meet the growing energy demands of a developing economy, Indian energy sector has undergone a 360 degree transformation in all these years. Be it resource exploration and exploitation, capacity additions, or large scale reforms, the sector has seen a tremendous amount of improvements in all these years. However, the ever-increasing demand for energy (created by growing population, urbanization, and progressing economy) has far exceeded the supply; so, the energy shortages are still there, forcing India to rely heavily on imports. India’s energy mix comprises both non-renewable sources (such as, coal, lignite, petroleum, and natural gas) and renewable energy sources (such as, solar, wind power, small hydro, biomass, and cogeneration bagasse). Though India has good reserves of coals and petroleum, the country is now looking up to renewable energy sources to meet its growing energy needs. Government is also supporting solar power and wind power companies to set-up their plants in the country. Today, top Indian companies like Dalmia Bharat are not only meeting their energy needs through their own power plants in the country, but also supplying the surplus power to the state grids. Undoubtedly, this is a good sign for the economy, which is still way behind on its dream to meet its future energy needs on its own. There is a lot that can be done to get the most out of renewable energy sources, which are wind, solar, small hydro, biomass, and cogeneration bagasse. The need is to create a culture wherein not only companies but the citizens of the country also look up to renewable energy sources for meeting their daily energy needs. This idea is very much practical; in fact, hundreds of families in villages and towns (where electricity was a dream for years) are illuminating their homes using solar and wind power. Many countries, such as Brazil, Costa Rica, Germany, Spain, and China have already made remarkable progress in the renewable energy sector. India can do the same; in fact, most parts of the country have ideal conditions for solar and wind power projects. Wind power companies have also made their presence felt. The need of the hour is to use non-renewable energy sources (coal, petroleum, natural gas, etc.) sensibly, and explore and exploit the opportunities in renewable energy in India.
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