In view of the growing harm caused by "white pollution" to human and environmental resources, the Chinese government issued an order in 1999, which explicitly ordered to ban the production and use of disposable foam plastic tableware by the end of 2000. Also set up the national convenience foods disposable foam plastic packaging alternative work leading group, which took overall responsibility and guided this convenient food packaging alternative work to guide the country. The State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision announced China's first biodegradable tableware national standard Disposable Biodegradable Tableware General Technical Conditions, which provided legal guarantee to specify the production and testing of biodegradable tableware. The "white pollution" which has long been rampant in our country is bound to quit the stage of history. In strong support and science guidance of the national environmental policy, disposable biodegradable green tableware gradually has widely been recognized and accepted by consumers. It can be predicted that as time goes on, social progress and people's living standards improve, people's awareness of environmental protection will continue to enhance, people’s consideration for disposable fast tableware will not only stop at the convenience and economy, while more consider disposable tableware impact on human health, the impact on the social environment, considering waste disposal simplicity and resources recycling. Therefore, to protect the environment, conserve resources and vigorously develop disposable biodegradable environmentally friendly tableware is a general trend and popular feeling.
But at the same time, we should also see that due to the impact of our technical level, the level of consumption and consumer attitudes and other factors, there is still a long period of time for the comprehensive use of the environmentally friendly disposable biodegradable tableware in the country. The main reasons are as follows:
1. People’s awareness of the environmental protection importance is inadequate, environmental awareness is not strong, lack of awareness of the harm caused by the "white pollution". Government departments, especially the local government ignores environmental protection publicity for consideration to the local economic development, there is no policy supporting, economic means, the organization and management to give scientific guidance and strong support.
2. Disposable biodegradable environmentally friendly tableware production technology is not mature enough. In addition to the paper tableware, research silks needs longer time, and its technology and quality are more mature, most of the other disposable tableware production technology is still in development and experimental stage, and its production technology and product quality are still not stable enough, thus limiting its development.
For fast tableware production with plant fiber as raw material, the main problems are:
?Ingredient program is immature, because plant fiber ingredients are different, moisture content and chemical characteristics are not the same, so there is a big difference in technical formula. In addition, the technical information available is relatively small, many technical parameters can only grope in the experiment, therefore, it affects the stability of the performance of tableware products. ?Due to problems on the mold design and the molding material humidity, temperature and pressure improper regulating reasons, so that flash, foaming, die sticking, cracking, and the deformation and other defects are prone to occur in the molding process, which results that the biodegradable tableware production reliability is not high and the quality is not stable.
3. Disposable food packaging cost is higher, which is not dominant in the market compared with plastic tableware. The biodegradable tableware prices are generally above 0.3 RMB/piece, it is much higher than the disposable plastic tableware (0.07 RMB/ piece), it is difficult to be accepted by the average consumers, thus seriously weaken the market competitiveness of biodegradable tableware, which also greatly limits the comprehensive promotion of disposable environmentally friendly tableware.
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