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Most women have vaginal deliveries. There are occasions whendelivery is by Caesarean section (CS), which is an operation thatinvolves a surgical incision made in the abdomen and uterus,through which the baby is delivered. The operation can be planned (elective), in which the need for itis apparent during pregnancy, or unplanned (emergency), when theoperation is necessitated by complications which arise duringlabour. According to the National Health Care Establishments & WorkForce Statistics published in 2011, the overall CS rate in 2009 was20.8% of all deliveries. The CS rate in the private sector was30.3%. The CS rate in the public sector was 18.1%, compared to15.7% in 2006. The overall CS rate in Kuala Lumpur was the highestat 29.5%, compared to 11.5% and 11.6% in Sabah and Kelantanrespectively. Medical reasons for planned CS There are several medical reasons, and they are discussed below. The foetal position may be bottom first (breech). The obstetricianwill usually offer an external cephalic version (ECV), which is aprocedure in which an attempt is made to move the foetus round tohead first with the obstetrician's hands on the mother's abdomen. However, ECV cannot be done in mothers with certain conditions(contraindications). If so, or ECV has been unsuccessful, a CS isoften offered. CS is done if the foetus' longitudinal axis in relation to themother (lie) is transverse and ECV is contraindicated orunsuccessful. Multiple pregnancy, usually twins, may be another reason. They maybe premature, the first twin may be a breech presentation, or theymay be sharing a placenta. However, CS is not indicated if thefirst twin is presenting by the head. It is not guaranteed that CSreduces the risks of twin delivery. CS may be considered if the foetus is small because of prematurityor growth retardation, and other complications are present becauseof increased risks in-utero or around the time of birth. CS is done if the placenta is sited at the cervical canal(praevia), the diagnosis of which is usually made at 32 to 34 weeksgestation. A colour ultrasound, and possibly magnetic resonanceimaging (MRI), is often done to check if the placental attachmentis abnormal (morbidly adherent placenta), which is another reasonfor CS. CS is done if the mother's pelvis is small in relation to the sizeof the foetal head; her blood pressure is very high; or she has amedical condition, eg heart problem, that increases her risk duringa vaginal delivery. CS may be considered if there are certain circumstances in a motherwho has HIV, herpes or hepatitis to reduce the risk of transmissionof the infection to the foetus during delivery. An older mother's chances of having a CS are increased because ofincreased risk of complications like high blood pressure, diabetes,large foetus, breech presentation, placenta praevia and slowprogress. Medical reasons for unplanned CS An unplanned CS may be carried out for various reasons, ie concernsabout maternal or foetal health, labour is not progressing, failedinduction, or going into labour before a planned CS. It may not be possible for the obstetrician to have a fulldiscussion with the mother and/or her spouse in an emergency,especially when the baby needs to be delivered quickly. Next 1 2 3 4 5 Next. I am an expert from healthy-e-cigarette.com, while we provides the quality product, such as Ego K Ecig Manufacturer , 510 E Cig, Pcc Electronic Cigarette,and more.
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