properties of hdpe pipes, they are becoming alternatives for PVC pipes in both industrial and domestic purposes. ">HDPE pipes or high density polyethylene pipes are polyethylene thermoplastic pipes that are made from petroleum. They are also referred to as polyethylene high-density or PEHD pipes. One kilo of HDPE material is generated from 1.75 kg of petroleum (i.e. in terms of raw materials and energy). The HDPE material can be molded, machined, or joined together by using the process of welding. The appearance of HDPE is wax-like, opaque and lusterless. These pipes are known for their large strength-to-density ratio. The approximate density of high density polyethylene material can range between 0.93 and 0.97 g/cm3. Even though the density of HDPE material is only slightly higher than low-density polyethylene, it has little branching which provides it with stronger tensile strength and intermolecular forces than LDPE. This difference in strength is more than difference in density, which gives HDPE higher specific strength. HDPE is also more opaque and much harder, and can withstand higher temperatures of about 120°C or 248°F for short durations of time. When the temperature ranges around 110°C or 230°F, it can withstand it continuously. Unlike polypropylene, high-density polyethylene cannot tolerate normally needed autoclaving conditions. The appropriate use of catalysts (like the Ziegler-Natta catalysts) and proper reaction conditions help to make sure that branching does not take place. There are a number of benefits for using HDPE pipelines. For this, they are predominantly used all over the world. Humidity and high temperature are the two factors that are held responsible for most cases of pipeline corrosion. However, as HDPE pipes are tolerant of high temperatures, such issues can be easily resolved by implementing them. As they help in providing hassle-free service for a long time, these pipes have increased in popularity in the recent years. Since HDPE pipes are extremely flexible and durable in nature, they are often preferred over other forms of pipelines. A specific technology is used to manufacture these pipes, which is responsible for giving it enhanced endurance and durability. This technology is known as PI or Process Intensification. High density polyethylene pipes also reduce the overall consumption of energy levels, which helps to bring down the production and maintenance costs as well. There are a number of industrial and commercial sectors in which HDPE pipes are extensively used. These include food industry, petrochemical industry, telecommunications industry, natural gas industry, chemical industry, and mining and construction industry as well as for geothermal heat transference systems. Because of the desirable properties of hdpe pipes, they are becoming alternatives for PVC pipes in both industrial and domestic purposes.
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