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Tattoo machines are devices which are used to make inscriptions on the human body. They utilize ink to create artistic markings on the body. These hand-held devices operate on electromagnetic coils which are used to move the attached armature bars. Tattoo machines have the ability to control the depth at which the attached needle penetrates through the shin. They can also control speed as well as the application force. These devices took over from the traditional electric pen which was a Thomas Alva Edison invention. The inscription devices are available in different forms and designs. The coil tattoo machines utilize electromagnetic circuits to move the attached needle. These devices are available in singe, dual and triple coil models. Shader machines, as their name suggests, are used to create color shades. Black ink is often used with these devices; however, colored inks can be used with the machine as well. Liner tattoo machines are used to create prominent lines on the skin. They are greatly utilized in creating permanent eyebrow markings. Rotary inscription devices are a Samuel O’Riley invention, and operate on electric motors to move the attached needles. Color or Saturation devices are used to blend different ink colors as required. Tattoo machines can be likened to dental drills, because they sound and resemble the medical tools. The machines inject ink into the skin by making up to 3000 punctures within a minute. The hand-held devices comprise of sterilized needles, tube-systems, electric motors and foot pedals. The tube-system is used to channel the ink through the machine, and onto the needle which then deposits the colored fluid on the skin. The foot pedal attached to the device is similar to those found on sewing machines. The pedal is used to control vertical movements of tattoo machines. Tattoo machines are engineered using different materials. Stainless steel and cast iron are the common materials used to create these inscription devices. The metals are used to craft the hand-held artistic tools for durability. These machines are required to serve the user through years-on, and are therefore crafted using these high quality metals which guarantee durability. The maintenance of tattoo machines is very important when it comes to ensuring that the devices do not cause harm to the skin. The machine should be sterilized after every use to minimize the risk of disease transmission from one person to another. Since they are used to pierce the skin, there is a high likelihood of bacteria present on the devices gaining access to the body through the punctures created.
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